Tyre research and development  racing groups  are working vigorously on new combinations of hardeners, fillers, polymers or fine-tuning design parameters. They are eagerly looking for ways to improve grip, durability, handling and comfort in wet or dry conditions. They customise tyres for particular weather and track conditions. Each of their design logic is different. On race tracks, the tyres operate under extreme conditions that cannot be fully simulated on indoor test drums. Therefore, the development of the tyre is always complemented by the actual result of the route. They bring dozens of different specification tyres to the track for a single sponsored car. Regular road tyres are very different from racing tyres. However, tyre manufacturers are still considering or applying a combination of new race specifications to improve rolling resistance, increase grip or maximise durability.

Motorsport is in many ways the ultimate R&D programme for the tyre companies, and they spend heavy budgets on such programmes. Thus, they strictly defend their intellectual property. They pick up all the pieces of rubber that were torn off and left on the track to make sure they have all the tyres again. They work until they are sure they have all the parts.

The racing car reaches a top speed of up to 400 kmph, and the tyre has to withstand temperatures of up to 240 degree Celsius  at the point. Or on slower, more twisty tracks, a softer tyre offers more grip, but it still reaches very high working temperatures. Each tyre specification consists of the owner’s technology and each is worth protecting its intellectual property. There are examples where a company threatens racing teams with a fine of one million euros for every tyre lost. Tyre companies don’t want to leave any chance of technology leakage. Every company is very keen to collect its racing tyres before it leaves the circuit. The tyres later are cut off in small pieces and sent to incinerating areas.

But anyway, when all the racing teams arrive on the circuit with hundreds of tyres, they take the risk of leaking some IP information.

The Ultra High Performance (UHP) tyres must have sufficient speed capability along with wet and dry grip performance, which are reflections of some rally tyre specifications

Racing tyres are racers’ best friends and can meet the demands of extreme conditions. Tyres are generally differentiated into ‘soft’, ‘medium’ and ‘hard’. A softer tyre is faster and safer in rallies but has a shorter life, while the hard-tread tyre provides a longer life. On the other hand, there are commercially available rally tyres with different tread compounds belonging to the major brands of rally tyres. Compounds for uphill and wet use for lighter and heavier cars, slick compound for lighter cars, softer and harder slick compound for lighter rally, sprint and endurance, Soft-Medium- Ultra-Very Hard Compound for Slick or Classic, Hard- Soft Compound for Sports Cars, Very Soft-Soft-Medium-Hard GT Hill Climb Blend, Soft Compound for Rally-Cross Applications  are such examples.

When we talk about UHP as a car, it is equipped with upgrades such as a more powerful engine, more powerful brakes, sports suspension and UHP tyres, but especially the body style that shares the base model. Therefore, UHP tyres must have sufficient speed capability along with wet and dry grip performance. Rolling resistance is a leap back and opposes the high grip rate of performance tyres. All these facts are brought together, thanks to the hard work and experience of people in R&D.

Motorsport is an important technological tool for the automotive industry. So it does open horizons to tyre designers.

The rubber of a tyre is viscoelastic; it deforms and adapts to the texture of the road surface as it rolls over it. This asymmetric deformation of the rubber generates a reaction force that prevents drift. In other words, it generates a frictional force which is defined as a grip. The coefficient of friction between the surfaces of the tyre and the track depends mainly on the behaviour of the tyre’s rubber. Tyre hysteresis is a critical factor in generating grip.

Molecular interactions occur at the interface between the tyre rubber and the road surface, which generates grip. The molecular chains of rubber follow this cycle of stretching and breaking, which creates viscoelastic work. This work effectively multiplies the amount of bond energy by a factor that depends on the temperature of the rubber and the speed of rolling. Tyre grip has heretofore been referred to as ‘molecular grip’, which also means why a tyre deposits rubber on a racing track depending on the rubber’s hysteresis, deformability and viscosity. These three parameters are consisting three corners of a triangle. Stretching only one corner to maximise performance does not work.

In many ways, motorsport is part of the ultimate R&D programme. Every aspect of a modern vehicle already part of everyday life has been built and generated with specific technology business development programmes.

Motorsport is an important technological tool for the automotive industry. It is in motorsport that automotive technology evolves. The same goes for racing vehicle tyres that run under such vehicles and are superior in materials and structures, which will later suit the next generation UHP tyres.

In the early days of the automobile, rallies were a kind of enthusiasm full of adrenaline.  ‘Motorsport’ organisations are a convenient way to test attained abilities and stimulate technology in science and people’s lives. Vehicle dynamics is one of the critical issues in the present century and the last century. Much trial and error have been carried out in recent years to achieve speed, safety and transport capacity.

Today’s vehicles are full of sensors for different functions to alert drivers about faulty parts. Pressure monitoring systems in tyres are popular the EU . Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) became mandatory for all M1 vehicle classes after 1 November 2014. Automated Tyre Monitoring and Inflation System can ensure adequate tyre pressure to meet better handling requirements, which is possible with today’s technology and quite suitable for motorsport vehicles. The tyre, as the most important part of vehicles, has varying characteristics with its viscoelastic structure. The automated tyre monitoring and inflation system will reduce the effect of variance on the tyres.

What are the breakthroughs in motorsport events today?

Motorsport by virtual reality could be fully utilised in the design and upgrading of vehicles. Different vehicle models, weather conditions, tyres and situations can be simulated with minimum stress and fun, and this can encourage radical innovations to scale down with significant money savings.

What about self-driving car races?

The Roborace championships with fully autonomous car races have already started in 2019. Self-driving cars on the road are an incredible achievement, thanks to complex algorithms. It learns and reacts to the racing environment and has faster ‘reflexes’ than any human driver capable of making predictions. It is said that a prototype autonomous vehicle generates 100 TB of data a day, which is open to different skills for younger generations.

But either way, the challenges of motorsport will need talented engineers to harness the cutting edge technology of tomorrow’s motorsport. (TT)

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CEAT Ltd said it will invest up to INR 34 million in its wholly owned subsidiary Tyresnmore Online Pvt Ltd through a subscription to a rights issue, the tyre maker said in a stock exchange disclosure on Wednesday.

The company will subscribe to 27,855 equity shares in Tyresnmore, and its shareholding in the subsidiary will remain at 100 percent, CEAT said.

The investment is categorised as a related-party transaction but has been carried out on an arm’s-length basis. No regulatory approvals are required, it added.

Tyresnmore, incorporated in 2014 and based in New Delhi, sells automotive tyres, batteries and accessories, and provides fitting and wheel services. The unit reported turnover of INR 322.57 million for the year ended 31 March 2025, compared with INR 255.86 million the previous year.

The shares are expected to be allotted by 24 November 2025.

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NEXEN TIRE reported third-quarter 2025 sales of 780.7 billion won and operating profit of 46.5 billion won, the company said on Thursday, as stronger demand in Europe and South Korea helped offset the impact of item-specific tariffs in the United States.

Sales in Europe were supported by an expansion of original equipment supply for newly launched vehicles and higher demand for winter products following tighter seasonal tyre regulations. In South Korea, the company posted its highest-ever quarterly revenue, aided by peak summer demand and continued growth in its tyre rental business.

Profit margins improved from the previous quarter, helped by lower raw material costs and reduced logistics expenses, with prices for natural and synthetic rubber and the Shanghai Containerized Freight Index (SCFI) remaining on a downward trend.

The company has been rolling out region-specific product strategies. In South Korea, it launched the N’FERA Supreme EV ROOT in August, designed for both electric and internal combustion engine vehicles. It also brought the WINGUARD SPORT 3 winter tyre to Europe and Japan, and strengthened its U.S. high-performance line-up with the N’FERA SPORT, already supplied as original equipment to premium European carmakers. In Australia, it added the ROADIAN ATX for larger sport utility vehicles.

NEXEN TIRE is also expanding its international footprint, with new sales bases recently opened in Spain and Poland, and additional hubs planned in Southeastern Europe, Latin America and the Middle East.

The tyre maker said it is enhancing R&D efficiency through the adoption of a High Dynamic Driving Simulator, the first of its kind in South Korea's automotive sector, allowing reduced reliance on physical prototypes and road tests. The firm also received approval for its near-term emissions reduction targets from the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) in September.

“The solid performance in the third quarter, even after factoring in tariff-related costs, indicates that our strategy for managing external uncertainties is yielding positive results,” CEO John Bosco (Hyeon Suk) Kim said. “We will continue to pursue sustainable growth through product portfolio diversification and the optimisation of global production operations.”

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MAXAM is set to showcase its advanced agricultural tyre solutions at Agritechnica 2025 in Hannover from 9 to 15 November. Visitors can find the company at Stand A04 in Hall 20, where the exhibition theme ‘More Pull. Less Fuel’ will guide the presentation. This philosophy underscores the company's dedication to developing tyres that enhance operational efficiency and contribute to more sustainable farming practices by reducing fuel consumption and soil compaction. The event provides a significant opportunity for MAXAM to demonstrate its commitment to innovation and the expansion of its product portfolio.

On display will be a range of DLG-awarded tyres, including robust models for high-horsepower tractors and versatile options for specialised implements, illustrating the company's technical breadth. Beyond presenting products, MAXAM considers the trade fair a vital meeting point for industry collaboration. It serves as a platform for direct engagement with farmers, partners and machine manufacturers, whose feedback provides invaluable, real-world insights that directly influence the future direction of product and service development, ensuring they remain precisely aligned with evolving market needs.

As a part of SAILUN Group, one of the 10 largest tyre manufacturers in the world, MAXAM leverages its extensive international presence and collaborative research initiatives to drive continuous innovation. The company is dedicated to advancing agricultural tyre technology, creating sophisticated solutions that directly address the evolving demands of modern farming. This focus encompasses critical areas such as enhanced sustainability, improved cost-efficiency and superior field performance.

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Cabot Corporation reported lower quarterly earnings, as weaker demand in its Reinforcement Materials segment and softer volumes in Performance Chemicals weighed on results. However, the company ended fiscal 2025 with solid cash flow and continued shareholder returns.

For the fourth quarter ended 30 September, Cabot posted net income of USD 43 million, or USD 0.79 per share, compared with USD 137 million, or USD 2.43 per share, in the same period a year earlier.

Full-year diluted earnings per share were USD 6.02, while adjusted earnings per share rose 3 percent year-on-year to USD 7.25.

“I am very pleased with another strong year of Adjusted EPS growth where we achieved USD 7.25, up 3 percent year over year, in a year with a challenging macroeconomic backdrop,” said Sean Keohane, Cabot’s President and Chief Executive Officer. “This performance was driven by higher EBIT in our Performance Chemicals segment, which increased 18 percent year over year, partially offset by EBIT in our Reinforcement Materials segment, which declined 5 percent.”

Cabot’s revenue for the quarter fell to USD 899 million from USD 1.0 billion a year earlier, while full-year sales declined to USD 3.7 billion from USD 4.0 billion.

The Boston-based speciality chemicals manufacturer said fourth-quarter cash flow from operations totalled USD 219 million, enabling USD 64 million in shareholder returns through dividends and share buybacks. For the full fiscal year, Cabot generated USD 665 million in operating cash flow, funding USD 274 million in capital investments, USD 96 million in dividend payments and USD 168 million in share repurchases.

Keohane said the company’s balance sheet remained strong, with a net debt-to-EBITDA ratio of 1.2 times, providing flexibility to invest in growth while continuing to return capital to shareholders.

The company’s Reinforcement Materials segment reported a USD 4 million decline in EBIT from the prior-year quarter, reflecting lower volumes in the Americas and Asia Pacific, partly offset by cost efficiencies. Global volumes fell 5 percent, including a 7 percent drop in the Americas, where lower tyre production by customers was attributed to increased Asian tyre imports.

Performance Chemicals EBIT decreased USD 2 million year-over-year, mainly due to a 5 percent drop in volumes led by weaker demand in Europe, particularly from construction-related applications.

Cabot ended the quarter with  percent 258 million in cash and spent percent 64 million on capital expenditures. The company recorded a 55 percent effective tax rate in the fourth quarter and an operating tax rate of 27 percent for fiscal 2025.

Looking ahead, Keohane cautioned that market conditions remain challenging, particularly in the Reinforcement Materials sector. “We do not yet see signs of improvement in the external environment, particularly as it relates to regional demand trends in Reinforcement Materials due to the impact of elevated Asian tire imports into western regions,” he said.

The company anticipates improvement in Performance Chemicals, led by growth in battery materials and infrastructure-related applications, while maintaining strong cash flow to support investment and shareholder returns.

“While market conditions remain challenging, we continue to execute on our foundation of commercial and operational excellence, and we remain focused on managing costs, strengthening operations, and positioning the company for long-term growth,” Keohane said.

In fiscal 2025, Cabot also announced an agreement to acquire Bridgestone Corporation’s reinforcing carbons plant in Mexico and released its 2024 Sustainability Report, noting it had achieved 11 of its 15 sustainability goals ahead of schedule and established new 2030 targets.

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