As I speak with industry members, regulators and legislators I continue to be stunned by the lack of appreciation of the very critical role that tyres play in our societies.

Governments bleat about fuel security “investing” precious currency to prop up petroleum fuel storage and production in the face of the ever-expanding development of electric vehicles and more recently the advent of hydrogen as a viable fuel with thanks to the PV (solar) industry advancements. Tyres? What do you mean tyres? Without tyres our societies would grind to a halt in the near term. How are they not a strategic consideration?

Our industries (tyre, road freight transport, mining, public transport and leisure) are facing sufficient difficulties with COVID as well as international shipping challenges to be faced with continued ignorance and negligence by our legislators and regulators.

Please review your countries legislative requirements in regards tyre inflation for light vehicles (say <4,500 kgs) and then the same requirement for heavy vehicles (>4,500 kgs). What do you find?

Mostly I think you will find that tyre inflation pressures are regulated for light vehicles via the vehicle manufacturers tyre placard. For heavy vehicles there is little, if any, such requirement. To illustrate the yawning gap between reality and regulation one peak heavy transport regulatory body published a procedure for roller brake testing for heavy vehicles. The procedure details in minute detail the requirements of the pneumatic system on the truck under test yet merely stated “tyres should be inflated.” As everyone in the tyre industry understands a tyre can be inflated at low pressures totally unrelated to actual operating pressures. What connects the brakes to the pavement? Tyres!

I’ve spoken at length about the absolute requirement for a tyre to be appropriately inflated. This is basic physics, the air molecules captured within the tyre’s air chamber actually support the applied loads. If there are insufficient molecules of air the tyre will be overworked so overheat and so enter a failure phase. There are other requirements for the inflation being the actual shaping of the tyre to interface with the pavement at the optimum level, read traction. A wide based tyre requires special construction to maintain the tread platform shape. If the inflation pressure is not at the manufacturer’s specified level will this critical shape be maintained? Then it is not only the performance of the tyre in question but also the safety of the vehicle and that of the general public in the areas this vehicle operates in.

The extensive report produced by the TNO Organisation (TNO 2013 R10986) detailed not only the exhaust emissions as a result of inappropriately inflated tyres but also the road safety outcomes. This paper is now just over eight years old but the situation with real time pressure monitoring for heavy vehicles remains as it was, 50 years or more ago. WHY? Are our regulators asleep at the wheel (or tyre some may say) through entrenched inaction and ignorance? Or is it that there are just “no votes” in tyres and everyone just ASSuMes their tyres are “ok”?

EV tyres

With the advent of electric vehicles, the ramifications for tyres are huge. In the past internal combustion engines (ICE) built up torque over a rev range, drivelines multiplied the torque developed and for heavy vehicles there is a sweet spot for torque. The multi speed gearboxes assisted the driver to maintain forward motion within this torque sweet spot. Electric motors apply maximum torque over most of their operating range. From the instant the power is applied by the driver (be that human or robotic) the tyres are under peak stress. Any deficiency within the tyre will be magnified with detrimental results. Such a deficiency may be of a manufacturing nature but this is largely controllable by the manufacturer. What is not currently controllable is the human maintenance factor, the applied inflation pressure.

Tyre manufacturers have for as long as they have been manufacturing tyres been informative about the criticality of appropriate tyre inflation. There are untold charts and pictorials showing how a tyre is influenced by under or over inflation yet our regulators and legislators continue to keep their heads buried deep out of the light. WHY when tyres are such a critical component of our modern-day motor vehicle? I would charge ignorance and negligence on one hand but then on the other suggest that because tyres work as well as they do, are as forgiving (by nature of their fundamental flexible design) our “guiding powers” can focus on other trendy and glamorous aspects such as stability control or autonomous braking. An important question for these people to consider and respond to; “what item on the vehicle transfers the power (and so directly influence these vehicle control systems) from the vehicle to the pavement (be that power tractive or retardation)? Yes of course, the humble tyre.

So, when a government sponsored or publicly funded body involved in road safety ignores tyres (for whatever reason, ignorance or negligence) are they really serving the interests of our communities and societies or are they just -- I should stop there but you know where I’m going!

The technology to monitor tyre pressures in real time is and has now been available for decades. The TREAD Act (USA) mandated tyre pressure monitoring (TPMS) for light vehicles in the USA in the year 2000. This year TPMS gets a key for its birthday, yes well and truly a mature product (some may say adult) and industry yet, our regulators and legislators continue to ignore the humble tyre.

The upsides of maintaining tyres at an appropriate pressure I’ve discussed previously, all positive. The same detail has been published in many papers (such as the TNO paper!) but we as an industry continue to live in the past whilst adopting hi-tech solutions for other aspects of our industries, e.g., GPS tracking, fatigue monitoring, reefer monitoring and control, real time video surveillance of the drivers and the surrounding traffic conditions. Why? To me there is little respect paid to the critical role the tyre provides for us. So many users do not consider how the tyre works for them and why the simplest of tasks will enhance the performance, yes, I speak of inflation maintenance. Without respect the tyre will never be recognised for the contribution it has made and continues to make.

I publicly and openly challenge our tyre manufacturers as a collective to mount an education campaign to enhance the level of respect the general public has about tyres. The TIA (US) and USTMA have local campaigns on behalf of their members but I consider that until the tyre manufacturers as a collective industry actual improve the level of respect for the humble tyre we will be chasing our tails on a race to the bottom. Our tyres deserve better!

What about Michelin, Bridgestone, Goodyear, Continental, BKT, Dunlop, ZC Rubber, Hankook, Pirelli, Toyo, Sumitomo, Yokohama, Kumho, MRF, Apollo, Nokian, JKTyres, Cooper, Titan, Linglong, Triangle et al?

Remember success does not reward a lack of action. (TT)

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Bridgestone has initiated a collaborative research project with Universitas Indonesia, Public University Corporation Yokohama City University (Yokohama City University), and Public University Corporation Maebashi Institute of Technology (Maebashi Institute of Technology) focused on the genetic analysis of para rubber trees. The partnership draws on tree samples and genetic data from Bridgestone’s own natural rubber farm in Indonesia, combined with the advanced capabilities of the academic institutions. The primary goal is to develop a marker assisted selection technique that can identify elite trees, characterised by high and stable yields, at an early stage. A formal signing ceremony took place at Universitas Indonesia on 7 April to mark the beginning of this joint effort.

Sustainability is central to Bridgestone’s management philosophy, reflected in its business model that links operations to carbon neutrality, a circular economy and nature positivity across the entire value chain from production to renewal. This research directly supports that vision by aiming to improve the sustainability of natural rubber. Ultimately, the company seeks to contribute to a more circular and regenerative business model where natural rubber production becomes increasingly efficient and environmentally responsible.

A stable supply of natural rubber is essential for tyre manufacturing and safe mobility, yet para rubber trees grow only in narrow equatorial bands and face threats from climate change and disease. With global vehicle ownership rising, demand for natural rubber is increasing, creating pressure to boost productivity without expanding farmland into forests. Bridgestone has therefore pursued multiple technological paths, including disease diagnostics and big data driven planting optimization on limited land. The company also supports smallholder farmers by sharing these technologies and providing training based on know‑how from its own farms, thereby enhancing productivity, improving livelihoods and strengthening the long-term sustainability of natural rubber.

In this specific research initiative, Bridgestone supplies latex samples and existing genetic information from its rubber trees. Universitas Indonesia handles the extraction of DNA and RNA data, while Yokohama City University and Maebashi Institute of Technology perform genetic analyses to pinpoint genes linked to rubber productivity. Together, they will build a marker assisted selection method for rapid, high-precision identification of elite trees, significantly shortening traditional breeding timelines that once took decades. After validating the technology and establishing propagation and nursery systems, Bridgestone plans to replace ordinary trees with elite varieties over the medium to long term, thereby raising productivity and stabilising yields within finite land resources.

Prof Dr Tito Latif Indra, M.Si, Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, said, "In this project, the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia (FMIPA UI), will play a key role in supporting the scientific framework of the project by leveraging its expertise in molecular biology and genetic data acquisition. This collaboration is such an important foundation in strengthening FMIPA UI's academic contribution in impactful global research. Through research in the field of sustainable natural resources, we are trying our best to reinforce the ecosystem of global natural rubber production and provide significant innovation to support sustainable rubber plantations in Indonesia."

Yukihisa Shimada, Director, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Public University Corporation Yokohama City University, said, "In this project, Yokohama City University will serve as a strategic and technical advisor, supporting collaboration with Indonesian government agencies and the establishment of research infrastructure. Through international collaboration, we will drive high-precision genome analysis and the selection of promising lines, contributing to the creation of scientific knowledge for sustainable resource use."

Kensuke Nakamura, President, Public University Corporation Maebashi Institute of Technology, said, "In this joint research, Maebashi Institute of Technology will lead the bioinformatics analysis, contributing to the advancement of natural resource research through a data-driven approach. As a public university, we are dedicated to fostering both locally grounded research and international research partnerships. By leveraging these strengths, we seek to generate impactful knowledge that will contribute to building a more sustainable society."

Masashi Otsuki, Executive Director, Institute of Advanced Technology, Bridgestone Corporation, said, "By co-creating with stakeholders across the natural rubber industry and promoting the sustainable use of natural rubber, Bridgestone strives to achieve the corporate commitment of ‘Ecology: Committed to advancing sustainable tire technologies and solutions that preserve the environment for future generations’ described in its Bridgestone E8 Commitment.

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Pirelli has created bespoke versions of its P Zero R tyre for the new Audi RS 5 and the RS 3 competition limited, aiming to deliver everyday driving pleasure without sacrificing track capability. Special emphasis is placed on superior grip and shorter braking distances. Drawing on over 25 years of collaboration with Audi Sport, these fitments reflect experience gained from developing tyres for high-performance SUVs and the sportiest sedans.

Audi’s main target was braking performance, and the P Zero R was engineered to approach Pirelli’s semi slick Trofeo R. This results in extremely short stopping distances with rapid deceleration even under demanding conditions. Pirelli’s German R&D centre worked with Milan headquarters on a new compound that performs well even when cold, responding to Audi’s request for safety during deceleration. Though nearing track-oriented products, the P Zero R remains suitable for daily use.

The RS 3 competition limited celebrates 50 years of the five-cylinder engine. Two tyre options are available: the standard P Zero R provides strong grip on dry and wet roads, while the P Zero Trofeo R semi slick is designed mainly for track driving. Its motorsport derived rubber delivers exceptionally high dry grip, stability and short braking distances. Development used digital simulation at both companies, with physical tests later validating data on circuits like the Nürburgring Nordschleife.

The Audi RS 5, the brand’s first high-performance plug-in hybrid, required a new High Load tyre size. Pirelli reinforced the P Zero R’s structure to handle the hybrid components’ extra weight while maintaining driving precision. This partnership, symbolised by the R0 marking, began with the original RS 4 25 years ago and continues with record setting Nürburgring performances in 2024 by the RS 3 with Trofeo R and the RS Q8 performance with P Zero.

Steffen Bamberger, Head of Technical Development at Audi Sport GmbH, said, “The tyre is the only connection between the vehicle and the road surface. Therefore, it plays a significant role in chassis development, especially in our RS models, where excellent handling has paramount importance. Plus, a close, collaborative partnership is essential to achieving this level of performance.”

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TYRESYSTEM, functioning as the digital arm of AZuR partner RSU, has made Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) its central pillar of expertise. This unit moves beyond simple product sales by offering specialised training focused on tyre pressure monitoring systems. Their inventory is substantial, featuring over 500 sensors designed to accommodate a wide spectrum of vehicle types, and this hardware is supported by complementary valves, service kits and diagnostic programming tools.

The importance of this focus became legally binding on 1 November 2014, when TPMS became mandatory for cars, motorhomes and off-road vehicles. For workshop operators, a neglected sensor is a serious liability, as it not only creates a safety hazard but also guarantees a failed roadworthiness test like the TÜV. Consequently, the seasonal tyre change has evolved into a critical checkpoint where technicians must rigorously inspect sensor batteries and overall condition to ensure compliance.

To address this industry need, TYRESYSTEM acts as a holistic online wholesaler for tyres, rims and complete wheels. Recognising that hardware alone is insufficient, they established the TyreSystem Academy to deliver practical TPMS training through both online and on-site courses. This educational push helps workshops master modern tyre complexity. Correctly maintained TPMS systems preserve optimal pressure, reduce tread wear and extend tyre life, directly supporting resource conservation and a functioning tyre circular economy within the AZuR network.

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Parcours, a British wheel brand specialising in aerodynamic, wind-tunnel-tested carbon wheelsets for road, gravel and triathlon cycling, has launched the Strade GT, the debut model in its new GT Series. At the heart of this wheelset lies VibraCORE, a technology developed alongside Lineat and Nottingham Trent University. VibraCORE embeds Lineat’s reclaimed aligned carbon fibre material, known as AFFT, directly into the rim’s spoke bed. This structural integration reduces vibration at its source rather than simply damping it after transmission begins.

The principle behind VibraCORE is straightforward: less vibration reaching the rider means less fatigue, allowing for longer, faster rides. Not all vibrations affect the body equally. Certain frequencies are either amplified by the human body or directly contribute to muscle exhaustion. VibraCORE targets these specific ranges, absorbing and dissipating vibrational energy before it travels through the wheelset to the rider. This approach directly addresses the harsh, high-frequency ‘road buzz’ that makes rough roads particularly draining.

In practical testing at standard road tyre pressures, VibraCORE reduces root mean square vibrational energy by an amount equivalent to lowering tyre pressure by roughly 10 to 15 psi. Crucially, this benefit comes without the usual penalties of softer tyres, such as reduced rolling efficiency or compromised handling precision. As a result, the Strade GT delivers a calmer, more controlled ride over long distances while retaining the stiffness, responsiveness and aerodynamic performance expected from a high-end wheelset.

To verify these claims, Parcours partnered again with Nottingham Trent University for controlled real‑world testing across multiple riders and surfaces. Using vibration sensors and frequency domain analysis based on power spectral density, the data showed that rims with VibraCORE reduced vibration energy by 19 to 23 percent compared to identical rims without the technology. This translates directly into a noticeably smoother ride on rough terrain and lower cumulative fatigue over extended rides.

Beyond comfort, the Strade GT represents an evolution of Parcours’ existing Strade platform. Its rim profile is optimised around a 30‑mm tyre, outperforming the previous model by 3.2W at 48 kmph, improving handling stability by 15 percent and achieving a weight of just 1,130g. VibraCORE also enables the use of lightweight Alpina Carbolite carbon spokes. Although sustainability is not the primary goal, the technology incorporates recycled carbon from Lineat’s AFFT process. Parcours is now developing a full circular pathway so that carbon recovered from old wheels, including those from its Crash Replacement Programme, can be reprocessed into VibraCORE components for future wheelsets. In this way, the Strade GT proves that speed and comfort need not be opposing forces.

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