Image courtesy - Continental Tire

The global tyre industry faces unprecedented complexity as electrification, sustainability and intelligent vehicle systems reshape demands on materials, design and performance. CenTiRe, under Professor Saied Taheri, bridges gaps between academia and industry, integrating fundamental research with real-world constraints, fostering collaborative innovation and training engineers capable of navigating the evolving landscape of tyre and mobility technology.

The Center for Tire Research (CenTiRe) is a collaborative, industry-led research consortium partnered with Virginia Tech and the University of Akron, established in 2011–12 with seed funds from the National Science Foundation (NSF). At the time, the global tyre research ecosystem was strong in individual areas like materials, testing, vehicle dynamics and manufacturing but fragmented with few environments where these pieces were brought together in a sustained, pre-competitive way.

A critical gap was the disconnect between fundamental research and the practical questions industry engineers faced. Academic work often focused on isolated phenomena, while industry research and concept development (RCD) was under pressure to deliver solutions on compressed timelines.

Foundational problems like tyre-road interaction, variability and system-level behaviour rarely received attention in ways that were both rigorous and industrially relevant. Talent development was another challenge as companies needed engineers who could navigate experiments, modelling and real-world constraints, but training pathways were siloed.

CenTiRe was created to bridge these gaps by exposing students to industry-relevant problems early and consistently.

“Since its formation, CenTiRe’s role has evolved alongside the industry,” said CenTiRe Director and Professor Saied Taheri during an exclusive interaction with Tyre Trends.

“What began as a focus on core tyre mechanics and testing has expanded to include electrification-driven challenges, intelligent tyres, data-driven methods and stronger integration with vehicle control and mobility systems. Perhaps most importantly, the centre has evolved from a research hub to a long-term collaborative platform. Its value today lies not just in technical outputs but in continuity, providing a space where companies can step back from short-term pressures, share understanding and collectively address problems no single organisation can efficiently solve alone,” he added.

Taheri’s own focus on tyre and vehicle dynamics took shape during graduate work at Clemson University and was reinforced by observing how tyres were often treated as secondary in vehicle development, despite being the primary interface with the road.

Early experience across industry and academia showed that many vehicle-level challenges cannot be fully understood without deeper understanding of the tyre itself. Industry work underscored the importance of realism, while academic work highlighted the potential of revisiting often-overlooked fundamentals.

These experiences shaped his approach to applied research, emphasising physical understanding alongside practical implementation. More than three decades in the field have reinforced his belief that the most impactful research occurs at the boundaries between disciplines, organisations and theory and practice, a perspective that continues to guide both his work and CenTiRe.

CONVERGING PRESSURES

Tyre research today is being reshaped by several major shifts occurring simultaneously rather than sequentially, creating a level of complexity that is unprecedented. Electrification, higher instantaneous torque and evolving mobility expectations are placing new and often conflicting demands on tyres.

“Electric vehicles fundamentally alter the operating envelope as high torque at low speeds accelerates wear and introduces new fatigue and durability mechanisms, while increased vehicle mass raises concerns around rolling resistance, heat generation and structural integrity,” said Taheri.

At the same time, customers expect quieter and more comfortable tyres, which can run counter to traditional approaches to stiffness, robustness and durability.

These challenges are compounded by the fact that tyres are increasingly expected to function as part of an integrated vehicle system, interacting closely with advanced control systems, sensors and software.

Yet, physical understanding and modelling capabilities are still catching up, particularly under transient, highly nonlinear conditions that dominate real-world operation.

Taheri adds that sustainability is another critical layer as the industry is under pressure to reduce environmental impact without compromising safety or performance, forcing a rethinking of materials, testing methods and even optimisation criteria.

From a manufacturing and testing perspective, many existing processes were developed for a very different operating regime, assuming steady-state loading, gradual wear and clearly separated performance attributes.

He also noted that next-generation tyres, especially for electrified and automated vehicles, face higher torque transients, tighter noise, vibration and harness requirements and broader duty cycles, exposing sensitivities to material variability, curing and construction that are not always measured or controlled with sufficient resolution.

“On the testing side, a widening gap exists between laboratory validation and real-world use as standardised tests remain essential, but they often fail to capture coupled thermal, mechanical, acoustic and control-related phenomena, leading to continued reliance on correlation rather than true prediction,” contended Taheri.

Shrinking development cycles further strain this system as physical testing is costly and slow, while models and surrogate tests are asked to deliver more insight without always having robust validation frameworks.

“Data analytics and machine learning are beginning to play a meaningful role in addressing some of these pressures, particularly in areas with large, well-curated datasets such as manufacturing quality monitoring and test data analysis, where they can reveal sensitivities and patterns that are otherwise difficult to detect,” noted Taheri.

However, in performance-critical domains governed by strongly nonlinear, physics-driven behaviour, these tools function best as complements rather than replacements for physical understanding.

The most promising advances are emerging from hybrid approaches that integrate physics-based models, experiments and data-driven methods.

Overall, the central challenge and opportunity is not solving any single issue in isolation but developing integrated frameworks that intelligently manage trade-offs, supported by better physics, better data and stronger cross-disciplinary collaboration.

PUSHING THROUGH OBSTACLES

Taheri has been working on tyre-road friction, terramechanics and intelligent tyres for decades and his work is cited globally. However, these areas still remain technically challenging despite decades of prior research.

Commenting on the same, he noted, “These areas remain challenging because they sit at the intersection of multiple uncertainties that are difficult to control, measure or model simultaneously. At a fundamental level, the tyre-road interface is a highly nonlinear, transient and multiscale phenomenon involving viscoelastic materials, evolving surface conditions, temperature effects and micro- to macro-scale interactions that change continuously during operation. Even small variations in road texture, contamination or load can cause disproportionately large changes in friction behaviour.”

In terramechanics, he noted, the challenge is compounded by the deformable and history-dependent nature of the road. Soil properties vary spatially and temporally and rolling fundamentally alters the medium itself, making repeatability and generalisation difficult.

Intelligent tyres add further complexity through sensing, while ensuring robustness, durability and cost-effectiveness is inherently challenging and converting those measurements into reliable, control-relevant information remains an open problem.

“Progress in materials, sensing or modelling often reveals new limitations elsewhere and as vehicle systems evolve, particularly with electrification and automation, the boundary conditions continue to shift. Consequently, these are not unsolved problems but continuously evolving ones, with each vehicle generation raising the bar for accuracy, robustness and integration,” added Taheri.

At CenTiRe, Taheri said, addressing such complexity requires integration that goes beyond organisational structure and is embedded in how research questions are framed and executed.

Problems are defined around physical phenomena or performance gaps rather than along disciplinary lines. This ensures that materials behaviour, manufacturing variability, modelling assumptions and testing constraints are considered from the outset, rather than addressed sequentially.

People, he added, are central to this approach. Students and researchers are deliberately exposed to multiple domains, while industry partners are engaged throughout the project lifecycle rather than brought in only as reviewers. This helps create a shared technical language and reduces the risk of research fragmenting into isolated silos.

“The objective is not to make everyone an expert in everything but to ensure that insights generated in one domain are meaningful, transferable and usable across the others,” Taheri noted.

NEW VISTAS

Taheri views fundamental science and industrial relevance as mutually dependent rather than competing.

“In academia, advancing understanding, especially where assumptions or models fall short, must ultimately inform design, manufacturing or validation to have real impact. At CenTiRe, this balance is achieved by deliberately selecting fundamental problems tied to real-world constraints such as manufacturing variability, testing limits and control-system needs,” he said.

Education is central to this approach as training students to think rigorously while recognising practical constraints creates a vital bridge between science and application. The balance is achieved through alignment, not compromise, by choosing problems where scientific progress and practical implementation advance together.

One area where this is particularly evident is smart and intelligent tyres. “These tyres have the potential to fundamentally change how vehicles perceive and interact with the road, though the transformation will be evolutionary rather than sudden,” noted Taheri.

Traditionally, the tyre has been treated as a passive element in vehicle control with behaviour inferred indirectly from wheel speed, acceleration or yaw signals. Intelligent tyres allow more direct observation of the contact patch, providing real-time data on grip, load, temperature and surface conditions. This can significantly improve control robustness, especially in low-friction or rapidly changing environments.

However, integrating tyre-level information into vehicle control introduces challenges around signal reliability, latency, validation and redundancy, particularly for safety-critical and autonomous applications.

Another key issue is abstraction as raw tyre data must be converted into physically meaningful, trustworthy indicators that can be fused with other vehicle and environmental sensors.

In autonomous driving, intelligent tyres may not act as primary perception sensors, but they can play a critical supporting role by informing systems what is actually achievable at the tyre-road interface, rather than what is assumed.

“Ultimately, this represents a shift from tyres as passive components to active contributors to vehicle intelligence, requiring advances not only in sensing but also in modelling, validation and system-level integration,” said Taheri.

TRUSTED COLLABORATION

Tyre development today faces the formidable challenge of reconciling performance, safety and environmental responsibility across the entire lifecycle. Materials that deliver wet grip, durability and fatigue resistance often carry significant environmental footprints, and replacing them without introducing new risks is technically difficult.

At the same time, improving rolling resistance to enhance energy efficiency, particularly for electric vehicles, can conflict with wear, noise and grip, while higher vehicle mass and torque further complicate trade-offs.

Wear and abrasion present another concern as tyre particles are increasingly recognised as an environmental issue, yet understanding of their generation and transport mechanisms remains incomplete.

End-of-life considerations amplify these challenges, since tyres were not historically designed for disassembly or reuse, making recycling and circularity systemic design problems. Addressing these issues requires lifecycle-based thinking, advanced predictive tools and close integration of materials, manufacturing and vehicle disciplines.

Alluding to these, Taheri noted, “CenTiRe addresses these complexities through a pre-competitive collaborative model that brings together global tyre and automotive companies in a neutral, trust-based framework. By focusing on fundamentals, the centre creates shared understanding while allowing individual companies to retain proprietary advantages in design and implementation. Its role is to reduce upstream uncertainty and risk, providing rigorous, unbiased validation that benefits all members.”

Industry continues to invest in this model because the technical challenges of electrification, system integration and sustainability are too complex and costly to tackle in isolation. Beyond technical outputs, the consortium fosters a shared language, trust and a culture of collaboration that enables competitors to learn from each other without compromising competitiveness.

Looking ahead, the hope is that Taheri and CenTiRe are recognised less as a single person or centre and more as a trusted ecosystem that helped the tyre and mobility industry think more rigorously and collaboratively about tyre performance, safety and sustainability.

“Success will be measured by the engineers trained to bridge physics and manufacturing realities, the risk de-risked through sound modelling and experimentation and the elevated global technical conversation around tyres,” said Taheri.

Equally important is the role of CenTiRe in building bridges between disciplines, companies and generations of engineers, helping the industry better understand and respect one of the most complex yet underappreciated components of mobility.

Over the next decade, this vision positions CenTiRe as both a technical and cultural catalyst for the global tyre and mobility sector. n

Balkrishna Industries Ltd. (BKT) has expanded its partnerships in India’s premier men’s T20 cricket league to eight teams, adding Royal Challengers Bengaluru for the upcoming season as it seeks to strengthen its position in the country’s consumer tyre market.

The company said its BKT Tyres brand would continue as Official Tyre Partner to Kolkata Knight Riders, Sunrisers Hyderabad, Rajasthan Royals, Mumbai Indians, Gujarat Titans, Punjab Kings and Lucknow Super Giants, alongside the newly added Bengaluru franchise.

The move comes as BKT advances its entry into India’s consumer tyre segment, using the tournament as a platform to expand visibility and engage a broader customer base, including commercial operators and private vehicle owners.

The partnerships are structured as long-term arrangements, incorporating stadium branding, broadcast integrations, dealer activations and digital campaigns aimed at strengthening fan engagement.

Rajiv Poddar, JMD of BKT, said: “Partnering with sporting institutions has always been central to BKT’s philosophy of Growing Together with communities. Cricket is one of the most influential cultural forces in India, uniting people across geographies, generations and backgrounds. Our continued partnerships as the Official Tyre Partner under the BKT Tyres brand allow us to connect with audiences in a meaningful way while strengthening our presence in the tyre segment. Through this association, we will further amplify our ‘Elevate Your Drive’ campaign featuring Ranveer Singh across broadcast and digital touchpoints, bringing the campaign’s message of ambition, progress and forward momentum to millions of viewers. These collaborations reflect our commitment to building long-term relationships founded on teamwork, performance and shared aspirations.”

Venky Mysore, Chief Executive of Kolkata Knight Riders, said: “BKT Tyres is not just a partner they are a brand that shares our relentless pursuit of performance. This renewed association is a testament to the trust we have built together and the ambition we carry forward. As BKT accelerates its growth in India's consumer market, the Knight Riders brand gives them the platform, the passion, and the global scale to make that journey count. At Knight Riders Sports, we do not build partnerships for visibility alone we build them for impact. This collaboration is precisely that: two performance-driven organisations, aligned in purpose, investing in a future they intend to win together.”

Rajesh Menon, Chief Executive of Royal Challengers Bengaluru, said: “Royal Challengers Bengaluru is proud to welcome BKT Tyres as our Official Tyre Partner. At RCB, we believe in pushing boundaries, embracing ambition, and creating meaningful connections with our fans, values that closely align with BKT’s ‘Elevate Your Drive’ philosophy. Together, we aim to accelerate our shared vision of excellence, resilience, and forward momentum both on and off the field.”

K Shanmugam, Chief Executive of Sunrisers Hyderabad, said: “We are happy to continue our partnership with BKT Tyres as part of this T20 cricket league. This collaboration reflects a strong alignment of values, bringing together a shared focus on excellence, performance, and consistency. Together, we move forward with clear intent, committed to raising standards both on and off the field, while delivering a meaningful and engaging experience for fans.”

Alok Chitre, Chief Operating Officer of Rajasthan Royals, said: “We are delighted to partner with BKT Tyres for the sixth year, with a shared energy and drive for performance that continues to strengthen our association. Their commitment to sport, and cricket specifically, reflects a clear focus on the growth of the game and its fan ecosystem in India. As we advance in scale and influence, we look forward to building on this partnership in a meaningful way this year as well.”

A Mumbai Indians spokesperson said: “BKT Tyres has been a valued long-term partner of Mumbai Indians, and this continued partnership reflects a shared commitment to consistency and performance. We look forward to building on this partnership through the season.”

Colonel Arvinder Singh, Chief Operating Officer of Gujarat Titans, said: “Gujarat Titans are pleased to continue the association with BKT Tyres. Partnerships like these reflect a shared commitment to performance, consistency and long-term growth. Such collaborations provide a strong platform for teams and brands to connect with fans across the world, and we look forward to building on this association while continuing to engage meaningfully with our supporters and striving for excellence both on and off the field.”

Satish Menon, Chief Executive of Punjab Kings, said: “We are very happy to continue our journey with BKT Tyres. They have been a loyal and valued partner for the Punjab Kings over the years. Their commitment to excellence matches our ambitions, and it is always a pleasure to work with a brand that understands the pulse of the sport and its fans so well.”

Vinay Chopra, Chief Executive of RPSG Sports Private Limited, said: “At Lucknow Super Giants, we believe that strong partnerships are built on shared values of performance, resilience, and ambition. Our association with BKT Tyres reflects this synergy, as both brands are committed to pushing boundaries and consistently striving for excellence. As we gear up for another exciting season, we look forward to engaging our fans more deeply and creating meaningful experiences together through this partnership.”

BKT said its sports partnerships form part of a broader global portfolio spanning multiple disciplines, aimed at reinforcing brand visibility and consumer engagement.

Goodyear India Limited said its board has taken note of the resignation of Abhishek Arora as Director – Human Resources, India, with effect from April 20, 2026, and approved the appointment of Vishal Dhingra as HR Director, South Asia from April 21, 2026.

Arora, who will also cease to be a senior management personnel member on April 20, 2026, resigned to explore external growth opportunities, according to the company.

The board approved Dhingra’s appointment following the recommendation of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee. He will assume the role as a senior management personnel from April 21, 2026.

Dhingra has more than 25 years of experience in human resources. He joined Goodyear in July 2020 as Director HR – India and currently serves as HR Director – ASEANZ. Prior to this, he held roles at PepsiCo, India, GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Limited, Eicher Tractors and Ballarpur Industries Limited.

India has concluded that imports of emulsion styrene butadiene rubber (ESBR) of the 1500 series from the European Union, Japan, South Korea, Russia and Thailand were dumped, following an anti-dumping investigation initiated in March 2025.

The Directorate General of Trade Remedies (DGTR), under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, found that dumping margins across all subject countries were above the de minimis threshold and “significant”.

The investigation was launched after Reliance Industries Limited filed an application alleging injury from imports of the product, which is widely used in tyre manufacturing and other rubber goods. The authority determined that the application met the requirements for standing, with support from Indian Synthetic Rubber Private Limited.

The product under consideration, ESBR-1500, is primarily used in tyres due to its abrasion resistance and ageing stability. The DGTR concluded that domestically produced material is comparable to imported goods and can be used interchangeably.

The period of investigation covered October 2023 to September 2024, with injury analysis spanning four financial years. During this time, imports from the subject countries rose overall and accounted for more than 90 per cent of total imports throughout the period.

The authority found that import volumes were highest during the investigation period and had increased relative to domestic production and consumption.

Dumping margins varied by country. Imports from the European Union and Japan were found to have margins in the range of 10–20 per cent, while Russia showed higher margins of 20–30 per cent. South Korea and Thailand recorded lower ranges, generally between 0–10 per cent for cooperating producers and up to 10–20 per cent for others.

The DGTR conducted a cumulative assessment of imports, concluding that goods from the subject countries compete with each other and with domestic production in the Indian market.

On injury, the authority determined that increased imports had affected the domestic industry through price suppression and declining profitability. It noted that while demand for the product rose steadily, the domestic industry’s financial performance weakened over the same period.

The DGTR also rejected arguments that the injury was caused by internal inefficiencies or raw material volatility, stating that such fluctuations were global and not specific to India.

The authority concluded that dumped imports had caused material injury to the domestic industry, establishing a causal link between import volumes and the deterioration in financial performance.

Fornnax Technology, a global leader in recycling equipment manufacturing, has officially brought Sushil Upadhyay on board as the new Head of its Service Department, a leadership transition that takes effect immediately. With a professional background spanning over 26 years, Upadhyay arrives with extensive experience drawn from multiple multinational corporations. Throughout his career, he has successfully managed and coordinated large, cross-functional teams comprising more than 300 professionals. Within his new capacity at Fornax, his primary focus will involve steering strategic transformations within the service domain, with the objective of optimising equipment reliability, maximising value across the lifecycle of machinery and elevating the sustained performance of the company’s worldwide installed base of industrial recycling solutions.

In the coming year, the service division under his leadership is set to concentrate on a series of clearly defined operational objectives. Key among these is the effort to curtail instances of unexpected machinery downtime by integrating both preventive and predictive maintenance approaches. The team also intends to roll out measurable performance benchmarks for service delivery, which will include tracking metrics such as speed of response, Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) and overall equipment uptime. Moreover, there will be a concerted push to reinforce the availability of spare components by optimising regional warehousing and distribution processes.

Further developments on the agenda involve the creation and delivery of well-structured training modules targeting technical expertise and workplace safety, aimed at enhancing the capabilities of service personnel. In parallel, the organisation plans to introduce digital tools designed to boost transparency in operations and enable customers to more effectively monitor service activities. These combined efforts underscore Fornnax’s commitment to evolving its service infrastructure in response to growing demands for efficiency and reliability.

Jignesh Kundaria, Director & CEO, Fornnax, said, “Our people are the true engine behind our innovation and execution. As we scale globally and expand our footprint across diverse recycling applications, cultivating a culture of excellence remains central to our strategy. In 2026, we are intensifying our focus on talent development, leadership growth and building a high-ownership, high-accountability environment that drives continuous improvement across engineering, manufacturing, and service. This will set new benchmarks in the industry, and I believe Upadhyay will play a crucial role in this journey.”

Upadhyay said, “Fornnax’s strong positioning in high-capacity shredding solutions and its commitment to sustainable recycling deeply resonated with me. The company’s engineering strength and rapid growth trajectory present a powerful opportunity to build a world-class service organisation. In an industry where machine reliability directly impacts customer profitability, service becomes a direct driver of customer success. I am excited to elevate Service from a support function to a strategic growth enabler, which is specifically focused on uptime, lifecycle value and long-term partnerships.”