The Australian Government’s push for end-of-life tyre recycling, particularly through the use of crumb rubber in road construction, has been gaining momentum. With Western Australia and Queensland continuing to grow rapidly but key markets like Victoria falling away, challenges remain in expanding the use of crumb rubber, especially in New South Wales and South Australia. However, partnerships like that between Tyrecycle and Alcoa Australia are helping pave the way for the recycling of OTR tyres, creating new opportunities.

The Australian Government’s endeavour for recycling end-of-life (ELT) tyres has been lauded by industry experts in many mature markets. Since December 2021, Australia has prohibited the export of whole baled tyres, except for specific casings and retreads. The Australian Government emphasises a circular economy approach, which includes incentives for local manufacturing by procuring tyre-derived materials such as crumb rubber for asphalt and other civil applications. The Western Australian Government has used over 3,000 tonnes of crumb rubber for road projects in a single year.

However, challenges remain with the recycling of off-the-road (OTR) tyres, often disposed of at mining sites. Nonetheless, the proactive nature of the government, especially in Western Australia, has paved the way for OTR tyre recycling, with recyclers forming partnerships with mining companies to ensure a steady stream of supply.

One such collaboration is between Tyrecycle, the recycling arm of ResourceCo, and Alcoa Australia. Tyrecycle’s state-of-the-art recycling facility in East Rockingham, 40 kilometres south of Perth, has already welcomed its first load of used OTR tyres from Alcoa, which is a bauxite mining company.

Speaking to Tyre Trends on the current state of waste OTR tyres, Tyrecycle Chief Executive Officer Jim Fairweather stated, “Currently, an estimated 130,000 tonnes of OTR tyres are discarded annually; 50,000 tonnes in The Pilbara alone. Tyrecycle is processing about 15,000 tonnes per year and aims to expand its footprint into key mining regions like the Hunter Valley, Bowen Basin and Pilbara. These areas are pivotal to Australia’s coal and iron ore mining industries, presenting significant opportunities for waste management and resource recovery.”

He added, “Mining operators often choose the cost-effective route of burying waste tyres on-site, which hinders recycling efforts. While some companies recognise the importance of responsible waste management, regulatory enforcement is needed to make recycling a standard practice. Proactive companies in the mining sector are stepping up, recognising the reputational and environmental risks associated with poor waste management. However, broader adoption is hampered by minimal regulatory mandates.”

COLLABORATIVE MEASURES

The collaboration between Tyrecycle and Alcoa was driven by a mutual commitment to sustainable practices and innovation in waste management. For the recycler, it represented a strategic move to expand its capacity to process OTR tyres and, in the future, conveyor belts, which are significant waste streams in the mining sector. This partnership evolved over five years of discussions, trials and project planning.

Equipped with a larger primary shredder capable of processing substantial pieces of OTR tyres, the plant in East Rockingham enabled the recycler to manage Alcoa’s tyre waste effectively. Prior trials at the recycler’s New South Wales facility ensured the material could be processed successfully, laying the groundwork for this full-scale collaboration.

“Alcoa provides full OTR tyres, which are pre-processed using excavators to reduce size. These pieces are then fed into our fully automated plant, where they undergo a comprehensive process to produce crumb rubber as fine as 700 microns. The crumb rubber is repurposed into road construction material within Western Australia, creating a closed-loop system. The project aligns with the Western Australian Government’s push for the integration of rubber crumb in road infrastructure, ensuring sustainable outcomes,” said Fairweather.

He mentioned that the company has initiated partnerships with major mining operators, securing long-term offtake agreements to convert OTR tyres into value-added products for resale. While agreements are being finalised with several top-tier miners, the company aims to secure additional multi-year contracts, further cementing its position in the growing circular economy of Australia’s resource sector.

PRODUCTION

The company operates nine facilities culminating in a current processing volume of 180,000 tonnes annually with 30 percent spare capacity, allowing for up to 250,000 tonnes per year. Crumb rubber production stands at approximately 25,000 tonnes annually.

While mining tyres constitute a smaller portion of the company’s operations, the bulk of recycling comes from collecting approximately 20 million tyres annually from retail outlets across Australia, including regions such as Far North Queensland, Tasmania, Perth and the Pilbara. These include PCR, TBR, four-wheel-drive tyres, forklift tyres and even bicycle tyres. Roughly 80,000 tyres are collected daily.

Alcoa’s waste OTR tyres are entirely processed into crumb rubber for the Western Australian market. Beyond this, crumb rubber from other ELTs is sold into sectors such as the steel industry, adhesives manufacturing, playground surfacing, walking trails and civil applications. While these sectors are important, they don’t match the volumes required for road construction in Australia.

Additionally, tyre derived fuel (TDF) is manufactured in various sizes to cater to different customer needs. For example, 1.5-inch steel-free chips are used in power boilers, while 2-inch, 3-inch, 4-inch and 6-inch chips are utilised in cement kilns, both locally and for export to countries like Japan.

Offshore customers further process these materials into products like micronised rubber powder. The company also supplies feedstock to large tyre recycling businesses in India and Korea.

Commenting on whether Alcoa takes any of the tyre-derived product under the agreement, Fairweather informed, “Alcoa currently does not take any products, but there are opportunities in development, particularly in the smelting sector, where materials could be used as reductants.”

CONSUMPTION

While crumb rubber production serves local markets exclusively, TDF and steel exports continue to play a vital role in the company’s global strategy with a focus on improving quality and expanding domestic utilisation.

“The crumb rubber produced is fully consumed within Australia, reflecting a strong domestic demand for applications such as road construction. While 5,000 tonnes of TDF is consumed domestically in New South Wales, the vast majority – over 100,000 tonnes – is exported. That said, domestic consumption of TDF is poised to increase significantly with plans to redirect approximately 100,000 tonnes for use within Australia as part of ongoing pipeline development projects,” said the executive.

“Additionally, steel extracted from the tyres is traded globally as scrap. With the installation of steel-cleaning systems across all facilities, we now export steel with a much lower rubber contamination rate, reduced from 20 percent to 1-2 percent. This enhancement improves the value of the scrap and allows for more competitive pricing at the collection stage,” he added.

Commenting on the use of crumb rubber for roads, he said, “Road construction remains the largest consumer of crumb rubber in Australia, outpacing other uses. The Western Australian Government’s mandate to use crumb rubber in roads has been evolving over the past three years. Three years ago, there was virtually no sale of crumb rubber for road construction in Western Australia. However, today, Western Australia has become the second-largest market for crumb rubber used in roads across the country, despite having only 10–15 percent of Australia’s population.”

“The Main Roads Western Australia agency played a pivotal role by mandating crumb rubber in road specifications, significantly increasing demand. Additionally, the Western Australian Government supported this initiative by funding the creation of tyre processing infrastructure. This dual approach that includes stimulating private sector investment while ensuring procurement for recycled materials has been key to making these investments viable,” he added.

QUALITY CONTROL

Fairweather quipped that being one of the largest recyclers in the land has its perks when it comes to quality controls. With an expansive collection network that draws in tyres that are not only manufactured at home but imported from different regions ensures understanding of different chemical compositions.

As for ensuring the quality of crumb rubber, especially for road construction, he said, “We implement rigorous quality control procedures from testing the crumb rubber three times a day across all facilities to ensure that it is consistent and free of impurities. We take specific measures to ensure even sample collection and use advanced software to track and grade the rubber’s size distribution. Chemical tests are also performed periodically to maintain the integrity of the crumb rubber. Given the varied origins of the tyres, the company’s large scale allows it to homogenise these variations, ensuring a high-quality product.”

He added that quality is paramount because contaminants like metal can damage equipment used in road construction and asphalt applications. The company maintains a metal contamination level of less than 0.01 percent, which is crucial for the reliability and functionality of the crumb rubber in its applications.

Regarding the recycling of mining tyres compared to passenger and TBR tyres, he noted that there is a significant difference in the process. “Mining tyres are much larger and require different handling equipment and primary processing. These tyres need to be pre-processed to remove the bead before being reduced to a manageable size. In contrast, passenger and TBR tyres undergo a more standard shredding process, which then leads to various mechanical resizing depending on the final product,” said the executive.

The TDF also goes through a rigorous quality control process.

MARKET FORCES

The largest market for crumb rubber in Australia has historically been Victoria, where it has been widely used in road construction. However, in recent times, Victoria’s market has faced challenges, largely due to budgetary pressures that have led to delays or cancellations of road projects. Despite this, it has remained the leader in crumb rubber consumption for roads.

Western Australia and Queensland are closely matched, coming in second for crumb rubber usage. On the other hand, New South Wales (NSW) and South Australia are behind in their adoption of crumb rubber in road construction, with NSW, particularly Sydney, significantly lagging. This presents an opportunity for growth in those regions, as they could start to increase their usage to match the other mainland states.

Tasmania, due to its smaller population and limited road construction, uses less crumb rubber, but this is proportional to the region’s size and needs.

“The collaboration with Alcoa and the potential for them to purchase products in the future is still under discussion. Both parties are open to exploring further development of this partnership. Alcoa has proven to be a strong partner, and there are good opportunities for continued collaboration, especially in creating a circular process that benefits both Alcoa and the broader market,” averred Fairweather.

The growth strategy for the company focuses on expanding its production capabilities and increasing the value-added nature of its products. This includes ongoing investment in plant infrastructure and a focus on increasing market share, particularly in tyre collection volumes.

The company sees significant potential in the OTR sector, which is currently untapped, and plans to continue developing new products and processes to offer higher-value products rather than just TDF.

TDF, however, remains an essential part of the business. It plays a crucial role in tyre recycling by reducing landfill waste and offering a more environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels.

Trials on imported tyres were also successfully completed with full-scale processing set to begin imminently. Tyrecycle also plans to establish processing facilities in Central Queensland and Western New South Wales, reducing logistical barriers and enhancing service capabilities.

South Korean tyre major Nexen Tire has added another feather to its cap and has received a Gold rating from EcoVadis for the second year in succession. This places the company among the top 3 percent of over 150,000 companies assessed globally.

Established in 2007 in France, EcoVadis evaluates corporate sustainability performance across Environment, Labour & Human Rights, Ethics and Sustainable Procurement. Its ratings are Platinum (top 1 percent), Gold (top 5 percent), Silver (top 15 percent) and Bronze (top 35 percent).

Nexen Tire showed improvements across all assessment areas. In the Environment category, the company's involvement in global sustainability initiatives, including the Global Platform for Sustainable Natural Rubber (GPSNR), the UN Global Compact (UNGC) and the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) was noted. Climate education programmes and greenhouse gas emissions disclosure were contributors.

For Labour & Human Rights, Nexen Tire's human rights policy aligns with international standards from the United Nations and the International Labour Organization (ILO). The company also began human rights assessments for risk management.

In the Ethics pillar, the company reinforced internal systems for risk prevention, monitoring, and mitigation. The Sustainable Procurement score improved through ESG assessments, supplier audits and risk response strategies.

John Bosco (Hyeon Suk) Kim, CEO, Nexen Tire, said, “Receiving the Gold rating from EcoVadis for the second consecutive year is a significant affirmation of our global ESG efforts. We remain committed to responsible and transparent management practices that meet the expectations of our stakeholders worldwide.”

TÜV SÜD AG’s Supervisory Board has named Ishan Palit as Interim CEO (Chairman of the Board of Management) effective 15 July 2025, following Dr Johannes Bussmann’s departure to assume the CEO role at MTU Aero Engines AG. Bussmann will leave TÜV SÜD on 14 July 2025. Palit will co-lead the company with CFO Sabine Nitzsche until a permanent successor is appointed.

With over 30 years at TÜV SÜD, Palit has held key leadership roles, including establishing the company’s India operations, serving as Asia Pacific CEO and leading the global Product Service Division. Since 2017, he has been Chief Operating Officer, driving strategic and operational initiatives.

Nitzsche, who joined as CFO in March 2025, brings extensive financial and executive expertise from the high-tech and automotive sectors. Her prior roles include CFO of Vitesco Technologies AG and senior financial leadership positions at Infineon Technologies and GlobalFoundries.

Frank Hyldmar, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of TÜV SÜD AG, said, “We are very pleased that Ishan and Sabine will oversee the interim management of TÜV SÜD during this transition. Ishan is a seasoned TÜV SÜD senior executive with deep knowledge of our business and strong global leadership experience. Sabine brings a proven track record as CFO across multiple multinational enterprises. Together, they form a strong leadership team as we work towards appointing a long-term CEO.”

Hankook Tire & Technology has announced a series of executive leadership changes at its North American headquarters in Nashville, reinforcing its commitment to growth in passenger and commercial tyre markets. The restructuring brings fresh leadership across key sales and marketing functions.

Kyuwang (Ken) Cho assumes the role of Senior Vice President of North America Marketing, transitioning from his previous dual leadership of PC/LT Sales and Marketing. The industry veteran brings 25 years of Hankook experience, including a stint as Vice President of Global Sales in Korea. K C Jensen steps up as Vice President of US PC/LT Sales, expanding his responsibilities from regional to national oversight after demonstrating strong leadership in the Western market since 2018.

The company welcomes back Mark Roe as Vice President of US TBR Sales, where his four decades of commercial tyre expertise will guide replacement and OE sales strategies. Roe's extensive background includes previous leadership roles at Hankook and most recently at Ralson Tire North America.

Regional sales teams also see strategic promotions. Shaun Prott advances to Regional Director of PC/LT Sales for the West, building on his eight-year tenure with Hankook and prior experience with National Tire Warehouse. Travis Jones rejoins the organisation as Northeast Regional Director, bringing valuable perspective from Michelin and Pirelli. Brian Ford earns promotion to Regional Director of TBR Sales for the West after successfully managing key commercial accounts since 2021.

Rob Williams, President of Hankook Tire America Corp, said, "These leadership appointments reflect Hankook's strong momentum in North America. Ken, K.C. and Mark each bring exceptional industry experience, strategic focus and leadership qualities to their roles. Together, they will help elevate our presence across both consumer and commercial channels, and support our long-term growth ambitions in the US. These moves speak to the strength of our internal talent pipeline & ability to attract top talent and our continued investment in customer relationships. Shaun, Travis and Brian all bring deep knowledge of their markets and proven ability to grow key partnerships."

French tyre major Michelin has introduced its new X Line Grip D range, which is designed to work up to 1 million miles (1.6 million kilometres) with up to four retreads. The company shared its designers' claim that this is a ‘once-in-a-lifetime’ leap in tyre technology for fleets.

In addition to the higher range, the tyres also provide 20 percent more mileage and a 20 percent reduction in rolling resistance compared to the Michelin XDN2 tyre.

Designed to meet both wet and snowy conditions thanks to the chevron tread design, these tyres are said to prove 90 percent better starting traction in snow and over 25 percent better wet starting traction.

Fleets also benefit from using the Michelin X Line Grip D tyre, as it is built on the company’s Duracore casing, featuring Infinicoil and Powercoil technologies. 

Pierluigi Cumo, VP – B2B Marketing, Michelin North America, said, “Michelin is never satisfied with current tyre technology when it comes to constantly improving and innovating our products. That’s why Michelin is so proud to introduce the Michelin X Line Grip D tyre. This tyre has the potential going forward to redefine the drive tyre standard in fleets for years to come. It is not an evolution to existing products, but something entirely different the fleet world has never seen before.”

“Michelin has a proven track record of delivering high-quality, reliable products that exceed performance expectations. This fantastic leap in drive tyre technology bring new levels of performance to the road and new levels of savings to our customers,” he concluded.

The Michelin X Line Grip D tyre is available in sizes 295/75R22.5 and 11R22.5.