Research analysing 850+ studies reveals fragmented methodologies hampering understanding of environmental impact

Scientists have called for urgent standardisation of methods used to measure and assess tyre wear emissions, following publication of what they describe as the most comprehensive review of research in the field to date.

The "State of Knowledge" series, which analysed more than 850 peer-reviewed scientific publications spanning four decades, has revealed significant gaps and inconsistencies in current understanding of how tyres shed particles and chemicals during use.

The research highlights how fragmented approaches across different studies have prevented scientists from drawing definitive conclusions about the environmental and health impacts of tyre wear emissions, which occur when tyres interact with road surfaces during driving.

"The topic of tyre wear emissions is extremely complex, multi-dimensional, and unfortunately only partially understood," said Dr Stephan Wagner, one of the paper's lead authors. "Until these gaps are closed, there is a growing concern that decisions about tyre emissions could be based on incomplete science."

The first two papers in the three-part series focus on characterising tyre wear emissions and assessing their environmental impact. A third paper examining potential health impacts is expected later this year.

The research, supported by the Tire Industry Project - part of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development - found that tyre wear creates not just particles but also releases volatile compounds and dissolved chemicals that can leach into the environment.

Current data suggests the risk from most tyre and road wear particles in water and soil is "generally lower down the priority list", according to the environmental risk assessment paper. However, researchers said insufficient data exists on tyre leachables and volatile compounds to make a full assessment.

The studies propose a tiered measurement framework and call for harmonised testing protocols to enable meaningful comparisons between different research efforts.

"The SOK underscores why we need a concerted, multi-stakeholder response to close the knowledge gaps, now more than ever," said Larisa Kryachkova, executive director at the Tire Industry Project.

The research comes as regulators worldwide grapple with how to address microplastic pollution, including particles from tyre wear. The European Union has been considering regulations on tyre emissions as part of broader environmental protection measures.

The authors suggest existing frameworks for assessing microplastics could provide a starting point for developing tyre emission guidelines, with modifications to account for the unique characteristics of tyre wear materials.

"We hope that these papers will encourage the scientific community and serve as a catalyst for further research and standardisation," Wagner concluded.

The Tire Industry Project plans to host a research conference at MIT in Boston to promote collaborative approaches to addressing the knowledge gaps identified in the review.

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In a significant expansion of its global retail footprint, NEXEN TIRE has inaugurated its first dedicated brand shops in Bahrain and Kuwait. This strategic move underscores the company's focused effort to grow within key emerging markets, including the Middle East, South America and Southeast Asia. The Middle East is particularly vital, representing the company's third-largest overseas market, a position cultivated since establishing its Dubai branch in 2009.

The expansion is driven by a ‘shop branding’ strategy, which involves collaborating with local partners to apply a consistent and recognisable brand identity to tire stores. This approach ensures a uniform customer experience through standardised purple signage, interior design and displays, thereby strengthening brand recognition and loyalty in a cost-effective manner. This flexible model allows NEXEN TIRE to create tailored, immersive brand environments that adapt to the specific needs of each local market while maintaining a cohesive global image.

The company's global branding initiative has seen remarkable progress. In 2025 alone, NEXEN TIRE introduced its brand identity to more than 130 stores worldwide. This builds upon a substantial foundation of approximately 400 stores that have been similarly branded over the preceding four years. This rapid growth has been evident across diverse regions. In Europe, the brand's presence was solidified in major cities including Frankfurt, Milan, Lyon and London. Simultaneously, a significant rollout occurred in Turkey, with 50 local stores in metropolitan hubs like Istanbul and Ankara adopting the new identity.

Beyond established markets, NEXEN TIRE is making substantial inroads in high-potential emerging economies. Recent efforts have resulted in 12 branded stores across the Middle East and North Africa, 16 in South American nations such as Brazil and Argentina and 13 throughout Southeast Asia, including Malaysia and Thailand. Through these partnerships with local distributors, NEXEN TIRE is systematically enhancing its international profile and market penetration.

John Bosco (Hyeon Suk) Kim, CEO, NEXEN TIRE, said, “Our shop branding project serves as a strategic foundation for enhancing brand value in developed markets while unlocking growth potential in emerging economies. Moving forward, we will continue to strengthen localised, customised marketing and build global partnerships, expanding customer touchpoints to further solidify our position in the global market.”

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Yokohama Rubber Co has announced that its Mexican subsidiary, Yokohama Industries Americas de Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V. (YIA Mexico), will expand its production capacity. YIA Mexico manufactures air conditioning and transmission oil cooling hose assemblies for the North American market.

The expansion involves constructing a new building on approximately 32,000 square metres of land adjacent to the existing plant, more than doubling the current site area. Construction is scheduled to begin in the fourth quarter of 2025, with operations expected to start in the fourth quarter of 2026.

The expansion aims to strengthen YIA Mexico’s profitability and support the continued growth of Yokohama Rubber’s hose and couplings business.

The move is part of the growth strategy within Yokohama Transformation 2026 (YX2026), the company’s medium-term management plan, which positions the hose and couplings business as a driver. Expanding capacity at YIA Mexico is an effort to restructure the MB Segment’s value chain and North American production network.

Prior to construction, a groundbreaking ceremony was held on 14 October, attended by local government officials, including the governor of the state of Aguascalientes and the mayor of the city of San Francisco de los Romo.

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In a significant move to reinforce their strategic partnership, ZC Rubber recently hosted a delegation from International Tyres, the exclusive UK distributor for its WESTLAKE tyre brand, at its Hangzhou headquarters. The visit, which included Managing Director Andy Jackson and Commercial Director Richard Allen, was centred on a mutual dedication to providing superior product quality, reliable supply chains and excellent service for commercial vehicle operators in the United Kingdom. The itinerary provided a comprehensive look into ZC Rubber's operations, beginning with a corporate showroom that detailed the company's brand history, global presence and future innovation strategies, including its sustainability efforts.

The tour then progressed to two key manufacturing facilities. The first was the Future Factory for passenger car tyres, where the delegation observed highly automated production lines. This facility demonstrated a commitment to smart manufacturing through real-time quality monitoring, end-to-end traceability and automated logistics, all designed to ensure consistent product quality while improving environmental efficiency. The second site visited was the Zhongce Qingquan TBR plant, which specialises in all-steel truck and bus radial tyres. Here, the guests witnessed the entire production process, from initial material mixing to final inspection.

The tour emphasised robust construction techniques, precise engineering and stringent quality checks that contribute to the tyre's durability and potential for retreading. This collaborative visit has set a strong foundation for the two companies to continue aligning on product availability and responsive support, ensuring that UK fleets receive dependable performance and value from WESTLAKE tyres across various demanding applications.

Leo Liao, European Sales Director of ZC Rubber International Business, said, “International Tyres is a trusted partner, and visits like this ensure we stay closely aligned with the expectations of UK customers.”

Andy Jackson, Managing Director, International Tyres, said, “We appreciated the open access to ZC Rubber’s teams and facilities. Seeing the manufacturing and quality processes behind WESTLAKE strengthens our confidence in the product and our ability to support fleets across the UK.”

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The Vredestein Wintrac Pro+ has earned a notable third-place ranking with an 'Exemplary' rating in a major test of high-performance winter tyres conducted by Auto Bild Allrad. The German magazine’s rigorous assessment involved 12 different tyre models in size 215/55 R 17, putting them through a demanding series of tests on specialised tracks in Finland and Germany. These trials – performed with a Volkswagen T-Roc as the primary test vehicle – were designed to evaluate safety and performance across the most challenging winter conditions, from icy and snow-covered roads to wet surfaces.

Testers praised the tyre for its exemplary balance and specifically highlighted its outstanding wet grip and traction. They described its performance as confident and well-rounded, noting its ability to deliver consistent grip and precise steering control even in highly demanding scenarios. This performance profile confirms the tyre's design and engineering purpose as an ideal choice for modern high-performance vehicles.

The Wintrac Pro+ is the latest flagship winter tyre from Vredestein, a brand with a heritage of winter innovation spanning more than half a century. Its advanced technology includes a high-silica tread compound and an optimised directional pattern. This combination is engineered to provide exceptional braking and handling on snow, slush and ice while also contributing to reduced rolling resistance for improved fuel efficiency.

To accommodate a wide array of vehicles, the tyre is available in over 120 different sizes fitting rims from 17 to 22 inches. The majority of these variants carry a ‘Y’ speed rating, meaning they are certified for speeds up to 300 kmph. Furthermore, every tyre in the range carries the Three Peak Mountain Snowflake symbol, certifying that it meets strict European regulatory standards for severe snow service.

Daniele Lorenzetti, Chief Technology Officer, Apollo Tyres Ltd, said, “The Vredestein Pro+ is a premium winter tyre designed specifically for high-performance cars and SUVs, including the latest generation of performance-oriented electric vehicles. With this segment continuing to grow rapidly, it’s significant that Auto Bild Allrad has once again endorsed the competitiveness of our products. The Wintrac Pro+ combines exceptional winter capability with the refinement and confidence expected by today’s drivers.”

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