It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.
Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.
Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.
The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.
The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.
The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.
The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:
• Political Globalisation
• Social Globalisation
• Economic Globalisation
• Technological Globalisation
• Financial Globalisation
• Cultural Globalisation
• Economic Globalisation
• Geographical Globalisation
My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.
Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.
Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long, built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.
On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.
The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.
The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance of mankind.
A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.
The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.
“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”
“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)
AZuR To Make Case For Circular Tyre Economy At DKG's 100th Anniversary
- By TT News
- September 25, 2026
The AZuR network will take centre stage at the centenary annual conference of the German Rubber Society (DKG) in Fulda on 24 and 25 September 2026, where network coordinator Christina Guth will deliver a presentation titled ‘The Next 100 Years Are Circular’. Her address will illustrate how the network links rubber industry stakeholders and underline why collaboration across the entire value chain is indispensable to establishing a circular economy in the tyre sector.
Founded in Düsseldorf in 1926, the DKG marks its 100th anniversary by once again convening specialists from research, development and industry. The two-day gathering, held under the banner ‘100 Years of the DKG’, blends professional exchange with an examination of the sector's future direction. Guth's contribution centres on the argument that coming decades must be defined by circularity, as rubber and tyre manufacturers confront the pressing task of retaining products and raw materials in circulation for as long as feasible.
Achieving this demands more than isolated recycling solutions. It requires coordinated effort spanning producers, traders, collection and sorting operations, repair and retreading services, mechanical and chemical recycling, alongside science and policymaking. The AZuR network, established in 2020, now encompasses over 90 partners across Germany and Europe, uniting actors committed to a resource-efficient tyre circular economy. Science-industry cooperation features prominently, with materials analysis, life cycle assessments, sorting technologies and process research supplying the evidence base for advancing circular methods and informing sound commercial and political choices.
Numerous synergies exist between the DKG and AZuR, including expanded scientific exchange, joint work on recovered carbon black and other recyclates, quality standards for secondary raw materials, and knowledge transfer to emerging scientists and engineers. Guth maintains that materials expertise and circular economy competence are inseparable, arguing that reusing high-quality secondary raw materials in rubber compounds requires research, industry and recycling to jointly refine quality, processes and standards. The anniversary prompts AZuR to look forward, with digital product passports, circular design, greater secondary raw material use and shared quality standards offering pathways towards a circular tyre and rubber industry sustained by strong networks.
Just Tires Brings Tyre And Auto Care To Joliet Drivers
- By TT News
- September 25, 2026
Just Tires has opened a new location at 112 N Larkin Ave. in Joliet, bringing expert tyre and automotive care to a community known for its cruise nights and race weekends. The store welcomed customers on 23 September 2026, offering drivers a trusted destination for maintaining the vehicles that keep them moving.
Backed by more than 125 years of Goodyear expertise, the Joliet store’s technicians help customers select the right tyres and care for their vehicles, whether for daily commutes or trips to the track. The location carries a broad selection of Goodyear and Cooper tyres, including the Eagle F1 All Season for year-round performance, the Wrangler Steadfast HT for highway comfort, the Assurance WeatherReady 2 for all-weather driving and the ElectricDrive 2 for EV-focused performance, along with high-performance, all-weather and all-terrain options.
Services at the new store include tyre installation, TPMS sensors, air refills, oil changes, wheel alignments, brake service, battery replacement and free maintenance inspections. With cooler weather approaching, every service includes a complimentary Courtesy Tire & Maintenance Inspection covering tyre pressure, tread depth, battery, brakes and accessible fluids, plus free air to support proper inflation, performance and fuel efficiency.
To celebrate the opening, a sweepstakes running from 15 September through 15 October invites fans to purchase a set of four Goodyear tyres on Goodyear.com or through Goodyear Auto Service and Just Tires stores and submit an entry form. One randomly selected winner will receive a blimp flight certificate for two passengers, redeemable at any of Goodyear’s three US airship bases in Akron, Ohio, Carson, California or Pompano Beach, Florida.
Sri Trang Group Honoured With Plaque Of Appreciation At Mahidol Day 2026 Ceremony
- By TT News
- September 25, 2026
Sri Trang Group has been recognised for its philanthropic support with a plaque of appreciation at the Mahidol Day 2026 ceremony. The award was accepted by Somporn Pannarai, Chief Procurement Officer of Sri Trang Agro-Industry Public Company Limited (STA), on behalf of the Group's management. The presentation took place on 24 September 2026 at the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University.
The plaque honoured benefactors who contributed to the work of the Faculty of Medicine and the Songklanagarind Hospital Foundation during the southern Thailand floods in 2025. Mahidol Day itself commemorates His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol Adulyadej and his lasting contributions to medicine and public health across the nation.
With its origins in southern Thailand, Sri Trang Group – represented by STA and Sri Trang Gloves (Thailand) Public Company Limited (STGT) – stated it was honoured to have backed initiatives benefiting the public. The Group reiterated its dedication to enhancing quality of life and supporting communities both in the South and throughout the country.
Endurica Founder To Receive ACS Rubber Division's Top Technology Honour
- By TT News
- September 25, 2026
Dr William Mars, Founder and President of Endurica, has been named the 2026 recipient of the Rubber Division, American Chemical Society (ACS) Melvin Mooney Distinguished Technology Award. The honour recognises exceptional technical competency demonstrated through significant and repeated contributions to rubber science and technology.
Dr Mars is widely regarded as a pioneer in elastomer durability, having developed critical plane analysis methods and fatigue life simulation techniques that are now employed throughout the global tire and rubber industry.
The award will be presented during a special event at the Global Polymer Summit (GPS), scheduled for 28–30 September in Louisville, Kentucky. As part of a science and technology awards symposium at the summit, the Endurica leader will deliver a special lecture.
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