It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

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Hankook Tire, the official tyre supplier to the FIA World Rally Championship (WRC), concluded its participation in the 2026 Safari Rally Kenya, which took place in Naivasha, Kenya, with the event wrapping up on 15 March 2026. The challenging terrain of the Kenyan savanna provided a rigorous test for Hankook’s specialised equipment. Throughout the rally, the company provided its Dynapro R213 tyre, engineered specifically for severe off-road conditions. This extreme all-terrain tyre was available in Hard and Soft compounds and featured a robust casing structure alongside an optimised tread design. These characteristics ensured reliable grip and accurate steering response despite the demands of high-speed rallying.

A key development was the introduction of an upgraded soft gravel tyre at this event. It delivered superior traction on wet and slippery sections while retaining its structural integrity amidst the unpredictable conditions. The rally unfolded across the rugged landscapes of Naivasha and the Great Rift Valley, where competitors faced sharp rocks, deep sand and treacherous fesh-fesh dust. Fluctuating weather further compounded the difficulty, making consistent tyre performance critical for drivers to reach the finish line. Ultimately, Toyota Gazoo Racing's Takamoto Katsuta emerged victorious after four gruelling days, reinforcing the event's reputation as one of the season's most demanding.

Looking ahead, the championship moves to Europe for its fourth round, the WRC Croatia Rally 2026, scheduled from 9 to 12 April 2026 along the Adriatic coast. Returning to the WRC calendar after being part of the European Championship in 2025, the rally has generated significant interest with its redesigned route that navigates both coastal and mountainous terrain. For this event, Hankook will supply its Ventus Z215 and Z210 tyres, high-performance tarmac compounds designed to meet the rigorous demands of the course. These tyres have previously proven their effectiveness in similar environments, such as during the 2025 Rally Islas Canarias, where coastal and mountainous stages demanded exceptional vehicle control and tyre resilience.

Since taking over as the exclusive tyre supplier for all WRC classes in 2025, Hankook has leveraged data from its involvement in over 70 global motorsport championships. The company applies these race-proven insights to advance its ultra-high-performance tyre technology, continually reinforcing its leadership in the field.

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Flexsys, a global speciality chemicals and materials technology company, has announced an increase in regional prices for Insoluble Sulphur products with effect from 23 March 2026.

The price increase schedule is as follows:

• Asia: USD 0.60 per kg
• Europe: EUR 0.45 per kg
• North America: USD 0.40 per kg
• Latin America: USD 0.40 per kg

The driving forces behind these significant pricing actions are multifaceted, rooted in substantial disruptions to global supply chains. These disruptions are largely attributed to the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, which has had a cascading effect on logistics. Compounding this issue are the sharply rising costs associated with transportation and essential raw materials.

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Yokohama Rubber has announced that it will supply ADVAN racing tyres for a newly developed BMW M Motorsport entry set to compete in this year’s Nürburgring 24-Hour Race and the Nürburgring Langstrecken-Serie (NLS). As an official partner of BMW M Motorsport, the company is supporting the BMW M3 Touring 24H, a vehicle designed specifically for the Nürburgring circuit and built with fans in mind.

This special model shares its technical foundation with the BMW M4 GT3 EVO but is constructed using the body shell of the BMW M3 Touring. It measures 200 millimetres longer and stands 32 millimetres taller than its GT3 counterpart, including the rear wing. Despite these dimensional differences, the mechanical specifications of both vehicles remain identical. The car will compete in the SPX class, a category dedicated to high-performance experimental vehicles and concept cars with unique modifications that do not conform to other classifications. This class plays a key role in testing and refining new automotive technologies.

Yokohama’s renewed involvement with BMW M Motorsport at the Nürburgring marks a significant return, as the two last collaborated at this event between 1980 and 1990, a period during which they secured two overall victories. This season represents their first partnership at the track in nearly four decades. In addition to supplying tyres for the BMW M3 Touring 24H, Yokohama will also equip the BMW M4 GT3 EVO, which is entered in the SP9 class for GT3-spec production vehicles.

Beyond its work with BMW, Yokohama Rubber will provide tyres to several leading teams participating in both the Nürburgring endurance series and the iconic 24-hour race, further extending its presence in one of the world’s most demanding motorsport events.

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Hankook Tire is all prepped up to spotlight its technological leadership on an international platform as a key sponsor during the TGL 2026 playoffs. The doubleheader Semifinals are set for 17 March 2026 at Florida’s SoFi Center. As the league’s first Official Tyre Partner and a Founding Partner, Hankook has elevated its brand visibility across 150 global markets. Through its association with high-tech sports entertainment and TGL’s six teams – featuring PGA Tour stars like Tiger Woods and Rory McIlroy – the company has created an immersive brand experience that merges innovation with elite competition.

The semifinal round brings together the top four regular-season finishers. The opening match pits the second-seeded Los Angeles Golf Club against the third-seeded Atlanta Drive GC. These two teams have built a competitive history, each claiming one victory against the other over the last two seasons. Atlanta has excelled in Singles sessions, driven by strong outings from Billy Horschel and Chris Gotterup. Meanwhile, Los Angeles has gained an edge in Triples play thanks to the consistency of Collin Morikawa and Justin Rose. How each side adapts to the alternating formats will likely shape the outcome.

The second semifinal features a compelling clash between the top-seeded Boston Common Golf and the fourth-seeded Jupiter Links GC. Boston, powered by standout performances from Keegan Bradley and Rory McIlroy, secured the most regular-season wins and earned the top seed after missing the playoffs last year. Jupiter Links, making its first semifinal appearance, has leveraged ‘The Hammer’ scoring system effectively in Season 2. Max Homa and Kevin Kisner lead the league in Singles Holes Won, highlighting the team’s balanced strength. With TGL co-founders Woods and McIlroy at the helm of opposing teams, this matchup has captured the attention of the golf world.

The winners will move on to the Finals on 23 and 24 March 2026. The championship round will follow a best-of-three structure, with the victor claiming the SoFi Cup and the 2026 title.

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