It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

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DUNLOP (company name: Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.) will present a dedicated exhibit at the Automotive Testing Expo Europe 2026, scheduled from 23 to 25 June in Stuttgart, Germany. The showcase is organised by UKIP Media & Events Ltd.

At booth number 1474 in Hall 1 of Messe Stuttgart, the company will feature its proprietary SENSING CORE software. This technology detects tyre and road surface conditions without extra sensors by analysing wheel speed rotation data and Controller Area Network (CAN) vehicle transmissions. Key detections include tyre pressure, load, wear, road conditions and wheel detachment.

The display will highlight use cases for mobility challenges under five themes: autonomous driving, smart navigation, one-stop maintenance with insurance optimisation, smart infrastructure and digital twin. SENSING CORE supports software-defined vehicle advancement and autonomous driving, fostering partner collaboration for the evolving automotive industry.

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Radar Tyres, the flagship brand of Singapore headquartered Omni United, has announced that its Radar RED (Radar Elite Dealer) programme now includes more than 1,000 dealers across Europe. The initiative provides participating tyre retailers with exclusive incentives, brand visibility support, product training and a dedicated platform aimed at fostering long-term business growth.

The European dealer network expansion has been carried out in stages. The first phase launched in Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Portugal. An enhanced phase followed last year in UK, Spain, Italy, France and Germany, with the programme now also being introduced in Poland. Reaching the 1,000‑dealer mark represents a significant step in the programme’s regional development.

Radar Tyres’ European strategy emphasises close collaboration with local distributors and dealers rather than focusing solely on end consumers. The company recognises tyre professionals as key advisors who help drivers select products based on vehicle manufacturer guidelines, driving conditions and budget. Depending on the market and programme level, Radar RED offers point‑of‑sale materials, online visibility through a dealer locator, product training, staff tyre benefits, structured rewards and access to select Radar Protect Program benefits such as Road Hazard Protection and the 30‑day Satisfaction Promise.

To support the next phase, Radar Tyres has introduced dedicated Network Managers in selected markets and posted new dealer testimonial videos on the RED landing page. In those videos, participating dealers share how the programme supports daily business operations, customer confidence and long‑term relationships.

G S Sareen, CEO, Omni United, said, "Reaching more than 1,000 Radar RED dealers across Europe is a proud moment for us. While the number itself is an important milestone, what matters most is the trust and commitment we have built with our dealer partners over the years. The success of Radar RED is driven by dealers who believe in the brand, understand their customers' needs and see long-term value in growing their business with Radar Tyres.

“As the network continues to expand, our goal is to keep strengthening these relationships and create more opportunities for dealers to connect, share experiences and learn from one another. We look forward to bringing the RED community together through new initiatives, partnerships and events, not only across Europe but also with RED dealers in other markets around the world.

“Tyre dealers play a central role in the purchase decision. They know their customers, they understand local driving needs and they can explain product value in a practical and trusted way. Through the Radar RED programme, we are supporting the dealers in building the brand at a local level and building stronger relationships with their own customers.”

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Giti Tire has broken into the top tier of the global tyre industry, securing the eighth position on the Brand Finance Tyres 25 2026 ranking. The annual financial report also crowned the manufacturer as the world’s fastest-growing tyre brand, a distinction driven by a remarkable 37.7 percent surge in brand value. This financial lift brought the company’s valuation to USD 1.47 billion, pushing it one spot higher in the global order and signalling a sharp increase in its competitive clout.

Analysts at Brand Finance pointed to a trio of strategic priorities behind the company’s ascent: relentless innovation, advanced tyre engineering and deliberate worldwide expansion. Over the last 12 months, the tyre maker has solidified its hold on both original equipment and replacement markets while tailoring a new product family for the booming electric vehicle sector. A standout technical achievement came through a partnership with BYD’s luxury Yangwang division, where Giti’s Sport e.GTR2 Pro tyres helped the Yangwang U9 hit several high-speed performance milestones, directly challenging traditional premium brands in the EV and high-performance arenas.

The company’s physical footprint now includes five manufacturing plants and five R&D and testing hubs, distributing goods to more than 130 countries. Heavy investment continues in the AdvanZtech and T5 Smart Technology platforms, which are designed to produce next-generation tyres for passenger cars, commercial fleets and electric vehicles. That industrial reach is matched by a retail network of over 100,000 professional outlets worldwide, a logistical asset that Brand Finance cited as a key enabler of the brand’s rapid global service delivery and market penetration.

Giti’s new standing places it alongside industry titans such as Michelin, Bridgestone, Continental, Goodyear, Dunlop, Pirelli and Yokohama. Beyond the ranking itself, the fastest-growing tyre brand title reflects mounting recognition from carmakers, business partners and consumers alike. As the mobility sector undergoes electrification, digital shifts and sustainability demands, Giti continues to channel resources into modern tyre solutions, aiming to cement its status among the world’s tyre industry leaders.

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Bridgestone Retail Operations, a subsidiary of Bridgestone Americas and operator of the largest network of company-owned automotive service providers in the world, has unveiled plans to mark the 100th anniversary of Firestone Complete Auto Care. The yearlong observance will include special events, promotions and new customer initiatives across more than 1,800 US locations.

Among the centennial offerings, Firestone Complete Auto Care will release its inaugural state of auto care report this summer, drawing on millions of data points from its retail network to highlight customer trends and cost-saving insights. The company is also launching an interactive online history archive that showcases a century of achievements and innovations. Additionally, the brand will donate its 100th Driving Great Futures passenger van to the Boys & Girls Clubs of America, expanding reliable transportation for youth programs, a partnership active since 2015. Anniversary promotions and offers are available throughout the year.

The business traces its origins to founder Harvey Firestone, who, a 100 years ago, established one-stop service stations for tyres, gasoline, oil, batteries and brakes. During the 1920s and 1930s, the company helped shape the auto care industry through warranties, lifetime guarantees, advanced diagnostics and specialised training. Harvey Firestone’s customer-first philosophy remains a cornerstone of operations today.

Currently, the Firestone Complete Auto Care network spans 48 states and employs more than 9,500 technicians, all supported by an Automotive Service Excellence accredited training programme. The brand’s century-long legacy continues to emphasise trusted reliability and dependability, honouring both past and present employees who have built that reputation.

Marko Ibrahim, President, Bridgestone Retail Operations, said, “When Harvey Firestone established the first network of Firestone service stations in 1926, he helped pioneer the automotive care industry and set us on a course of innovation as the automobile evolved. Over the past century, Firestone Complete Auto Care has become a trusted neighbour and dependable resource in communities across the nation. We are grateful to our customers past and present and look forward to continuing this journey together for another 100 years.”

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