It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.
Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.
Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.
The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.
The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.
The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.
The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:
• Political Globalisation
• Social Globalisation
• Economic Globalisation
• Technological Globalisation
• Financial Globalisation
• Cultural Globalisation
• Economic Globalisation
• Geographical Globalisation
My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.
Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.
Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long, built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.
On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.
The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.
The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance of mankind.
A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.
The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.
“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”
“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)
JK Tyre Approves INR 49.8 Bln Capacity Expansion for TBR and PCR Tyres by FY30
- By Sharad Matade
- May 26, 2026
JK Tyre & Industries has approved a phased capacity expansion plan involving an investment of INR 49.8 bllion to strengthen its presence in the Truck and Bus Radial (TBR) and Passenger Car Radial (PCR) tyre segments.
The company said its board of directors, at a meeting held on May 26, approved the expansion of TBR production at its Chennai Tyre Plant (CTP) and Vikrant Tyre Plant (VTP), along with PCR capacity expansion at the Chennai facility.
JK Tyre currently has an installed TBR and PCR capacity of 21 million tyres per annum, including capacities under implementation, with utilisation levels running at over 90 percent. The proposed expansion will increase overall capacity by 24 percent and is scheduled to be completed by FY30.
The investment will be undertaken in phases and financed through a combination of internal accruals and debt, the company said in its regulatory filing.
According to JK Tyre, the expansion is driven by robust demand across tyre categories in the Indian market and the need to maintain and strengthen its market presence.
The announcement comes alongside the company’s strong FY26 performance, with JK Tyre reporting record revenues and profitability amid rising domestic demand and higher sales volumes.
Continental Expands Retread Lineup With Durable New ContiTread HDR 5 For Regional Fleets
- By TT News
- May 26, 2026
Continental has introduced an addition to its retread product family with the launch of the ContiTread HDR 5, a regional retread designed to support fleet operations through enhanced durability and dependable performance. The new retread focuses on delivering confident handling, reliable traction and an extended service life for vehicles operating on regional routes.
The ContiTread HDR 5 employs a five‑rib tread pattern intended to provide predictable control, stability and even wear, particularly on routes involving frequent stops, sharp turns and mixed road surfaces. Its open shoulder design improves grip across various weather and road conditions, ensuring real‑world reliability while preserving both durability and overall mileage.
Developed to balance toughness with performance, the retread helps fleets maximise value from each retread cycle. Available widths include 210, 220, 230 and 240, all featuring a tread depth of 26/32 inch, offering flexible fitment for a range of regional truck applications.
Shaun Uys, VP of Sales and Marketing, Truck Tire RE USA, said, “Regional fleets need tyres that perform consistently across a wide range of conditions. The ContiTread HDR 5 was engineered to provide predictable handling, dependable traction and the durability fleets rely on to keep vehicles moving and costs under control.”
Michelin’s Center For Sustainable Materials And Syntetica Partner To Launch Nylon Recycling Pilot
- By TT News
- May 26, 2026
Michelin’s Center for Sustainable Materials, located at the Michelin Innovation Park – Cataroux in Clermont-Ferrand, has entered into a strategic partnership with Syntetica, a leading European deeptech startup. The collaboration aims to fast-track the industrial deployment of an innovative nylon recycling process, reinforcing the circular economy.
Under the agreement, Syntetica will integrate its proprietary chemical recycling method into a secure, purpose-built industrial environment at the Center. This marks the first time that nylon-rich mixed textiles can be recycled on an industrial scale. The initiative combines more than 130 years of Michelin’s material science leadership with Syntetica’s advanced low-temperature chemical process.
The global textile industry recycles less than one percent of its waste, largely because most technical garments contain mixed synthetic fibres that defy conventional recycling methods. Syntetica’s technology directly processes such materials without prior sorting, yielding high-purity Nylon 6 and Nylon 6.6 suitable for textile, automotive and industrial uses. The pilot at the Center will initially recycle several tonnes of textile waste, with a planned scale-up towards industrial volumes by 2027.
Both organisations share the belief that industry must drive the transition to sustainability. The project aligns with Europe’s regulatory push, including mandatory textile separation from 2025 and stricter recycled content rules from 2027. Beyond nylon, the pilot represents the first step in Syntetica’s broader green chemistry platform, which aims to expand to other polymers and pioneer a new generation of circular industrial solutions.
Marco Bertone Co-Founder & CEO, Syntetica, said, “Installing our pilot at the Center for Sustainable Materials marks a decisive milestone for Syntetica. The industrial expertise and operational rigour made available by Michelin are a key lever to scale our technology to full industrialisation.”
Patrice Kéfalas Director, Center des Matériaux Durables, said, “The Center for Sustainable Materials was designed to support this kind of breakthrough technology towards industrial scale. The collaboration with Syntetica illustrates our ambition to put Michelin’s industrial experience in service of concrete solutions to accelerate materials circularity.”
Enviro Files For Environmental Permit And Locks In Option On Site For Major Nordic pyrolysis Facility
- By TT News
- May 26, 2026
Scandinavian Enviro Systems AB (publ) has taken a significant step forward in its Nordic expansion by submitting an environmental permit application for its first wholly owned, full-scale pyrolysis plant in the region. The company has also secured an exclusive option to purchase the property where the facility is intended to be located.
Designed to process over 70,000 tonnes of end-of-life tyres annually, the proposed plant represents a core pillar of Enviro’s long-term strategy focused on wholly owned facilities. The permit submission and property option mark continued execution of the company’s industrial scale-up, supported by constructive dialogue with relevant authorities and stakeholders. Preliminary feedback from regulators could arrive before the end of the second quarter of 2026.
While the property option allows Enviro to reserve the site ahead of a final investment decision, the planned establishment remains conditional on receiving the necessary environmental approvals, a final investment decision and other standard project requirements.
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