It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

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Kuraray America, Inc. has announced that Project Kuralytix has secured a finalist position in the 2026 IChemE Global Awards, a competition run by the Institution of Chemical Engineers. The entry, officially titled ‘Project Kuralytix: Unifying Five Legacy Systems for Predictive Reliability at Kuraray America’, sits among six shortlisted candidates in the Digitalization, AI and Automation Award category, which celebrates creative deployment of digital tools across chemical engineering.

The La Porte, Texas, facility serves as the backdrop for this initiative, which takes on a persistent industry hurdle: making sense of enormous volumes of operational and reliability data so that decisions can be reached swiftly and with greater confidence. Through a partnership with Pinnacle and its Newton platform, five formerly siloed systems were merged into one cohesive reliability platform. The blending of machine learning with quantitative reliability optimisation empowers teams to forecast equipment breakdowns, weigh their potential operational fallout, sequence maintenance tasks and channel resources towards maximum benefit.

Demonstrated results underscore how analytics can reshape manufacturing reliability management. The effort revealed avenues for trimming process-related reliability losses and assisted in sidestepping production interruptions by flagging equipment decay earlier. Reliability calculations that once consumed days now finish in minutes, while maintenance strategy shifts from reactive, time-based choices toward proactive, data-driven reliability management. Taken together, these improvements reinforce asset reliability, bolster process safety and yield quantifiable operational value.

Kuraray America conveyed pride in earning international acknowledgment alongside fellow organisations propelling chemical engineering innovation. The distinction reflects the teamwork, technical proficiency, and commitment of the La Porte team and its Pinnacle collaborators, whose efforts brought Project Kuralytix to fruition. The company voiced gratitude to all contributors to the project's development and rollout, citing Charles Neal, Daniel Velasquez, Jennifer Lawrence and Kevin Birkby.

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Yokohama Tire Corporation has notified NHTSA of a voluntarily recall covering two sizes of its GEOLANDAR M/T G003 Light Truck tyre line. The affected sizes are LT245/75R16 120/116Q and LT285/70R17 121/118Q, produced at the company's Mie Plant in Japan from 31 May to 6 June 2026. Approximately 610 tyres are believed to be involved in the action.

Initiated in accordance with NHTSA regulations, the recall stems from the possible use of an improper compound in the sidewall during manufacturing. Reduced adhesion could lead to carcass-ply separation, air leakage or rapid air loss. Such loss of inflation pressure may diminish vehicle control and heighten crash risk.

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Scandinavian Enviro Systems AB (publ) has adopted a revised reorganisation plan proposal, including a debt settlement, as it continues through company reorganisation proceedings that began on 27 February 2026. The new proposal supersedes the version published on 26 August 2026 and centres chiefly on reclassifying affected parties into groups. The reorganisation, initiated by a Gothenburg District Court decision, has been extended twice, most recently until 27 November 2026.

The earlier plan was circulated to affected parties in late August, and feedback received since then, together with the Company's own deliberations, prompted the revised submission. Under the new classification, five groups remain, but the former Group A – comprising creditors asserting a right of retention – has been removed, with those creditors moved into the non-preferential category. Group A now contains only the Company's auditor, PwC, whose statutory audit claim is treated as preferential and slated for full payment. Enviro has asked the retention-asserting creditors to substantiate their rights without success, and it considers preferential treatment unwarranted, especially as the property concerned holds no going-concern value for the Company.

The settlement terms for remaining creditors are untouched: public-law claimants and non-related non-preferential creditors are offered 30 percent, while related creditors receive nothing. Payments fall due within three months of the plan gaining final, non-appealable status, though disputed claims await final resolution or binding settlement. Financing comes from a convertible loan and warrants arrangement concluded with Nordic Restructuring and Growth Capital 1 on 26 August 2026, with SEK 35 million earmarked for the settlement as new financing carrying a general right of priority.

The revisions aim to produce a grouping that accurately mirrors creditors' legal standing, thereby yielding a plan capable of adoption by affected parties and confirmation by the district court. The revised proposal will accompany the reorganisation administrator's report when sent to affected parties, and Enviro plans to seek plan proceedings shortly, at which point voting will take place. The full revised plan will be available on the company website.

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Giti Tire has secured a Guinness World Records title for the highest speed achieved by electric vehicle tyres, following a run in which its specially engineered GitiSport e.GTR2 Pro tyres reached 503.17 kmph (312.65 mph). The record was set on 1 November 2026 on a specially secured section of the Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed International Road (E11) in Abu Dhabi’s Al Dhafra Region, surpassing the previous benchmark of 496.22 kmph set at ATP Papenburg in Germany in September 2025.

The achievement was marked on 6 November 2026 at a ‘Celebration of Speed’ event at Burj Khalifa in Dubai, where Dr Enki Tan, Executive Chairman of Giti Tire Group, received the official Guinness World Records certificate. German professional racing driver Marc Basseng drove the YANGWANG U9 Xtreme during the record-setting attempt.

The GitiSport e.GTR2 Pro resulted from more than three years of collaborative development, engineering innovation and rigorous testing. Designed to withstand the extreme forces of an electric hypercar producing over 3,000 PS, the bespoke tyre features high-strength aramid fibre reinforcement and a specialised racing profile. Giti’s engineers worked closely with YANGWANG and Basseng throughout the programme, refining performance according to vehicle dynamics, aerodynamic changes and driving feedback, and further optimised the tyres for the Abu Dhabi highway conditions with critical technical support.

For Giti Tire, the title reflects the strength of its international research and development network, technical expertise and ability to collaborate with leading manufacturers on demanding projects. With 75 years of tyre manufacturing experience and a presence in more than 130 countries, the company continues advancing engineering capabilities across passenger car, commercial vehicle and high-performance tyres. Its expertise is recognised through extensive Original Equipment partnerships, and lessons from extreme-speed projects contribute to wider development priorities including braking, handling, comfort, efficiency and durability.

Basseng said, “When you're pushing the limits of speed, confidence is everything. Having worked closely with Giti's engineers throughout this journey, I've developed tremendous trust in their expertise, dedication and attention to detail. Knowing that every detail had been carefully tested, checked and prepared gave me the confidence to focus entirely on driving and push beyond what we had previously achieved.”

Dr Tan said, “This will be marked as a true Milestone in Automotive history, going beyond 500kmph in an electric vehicle is an industry game changer. Giti and YANGWANG have together pushed beyond the limits of technology to attain the ‘Highest Speed Achieved by Electric Vehicle Tires’. This achievement is a testament to innovation, dedication and the relentless pursuit of excellence demonstrated by our global research and development teams. We engineer tyres that perform under the most extreme conditions. Beyond setting records, this partnership reinforces our commitment to advancing tyre technology, delivering innovative solutions for the evolving automotive industry and inspiring greater confidence in the Giti brand among vehicle manufacturers and motorists worldwide.”

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