It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

Michelin has inaugurated PolMixLab, a new associated research laboratory (LabCom), on 22 April 2026, in collaboration with the National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), INSA Lyon, Lyon 1 University and Jean Monnet University. The primary objective of the joint initiative is to invent the rubber of the future by accelerating innovation in polymer materials for multiple industrial uses. The partnership leverages the combined scientific and industrial expertise of all parties to balance performance, durability, and energy efficiency.

Against a backdrop of ecological transition and rising industrial demands, polymer materials like elastomers are a critical research frontier. Their applications span automotive, aeronautics, healthcare and construction, requiring continuous improvements in durability, recyclability, energy sobriety and advanced functionality. To address these challenges, research teams from the Polymer Materials Engineering Laboratory – representing the CNRS, INSA Lyon, Lyon 1 University and Jean Monnet University – have joined forces with Michelin to develop next-generation polymer materials.

Academic and industrial researchers will pursue three main goals over the course of four years. The first involves reducing manufacturing energy for elastomers through digital simulation and improved blend quality. The second focuses on creating new elastomers that exceed current performance limits via innovative structures. The third aims to boost environmental performance by integrating short-loop recycling directly into the polymer formulation phase. The resulting rubbers are intended for strategic applications in mobility, medical devices, aeronautics and high-performance industrial equipment.

PolMixLab represents a structural initiative rooted in Michelin’s 130 years of materials science expertise, spanning chemistry, material transformation, composite design and use-case knowledge from basic research to industrialization. The laboratory marks the 10th active associated research laboratory between the CNRS and Michelin, underscoring a long-term commitment to reducing carbon footprints, extending material lifespans and optimising performance for contemporary industrial and environmental needs.

Mehdi Gmar, Chief Innovation Officer, CNRS, said, “The CNRS is pleased with the creation of PolMixLab, a new associated research laboratory with Michelin, a leading partner with which it has a longstanding relation of trust since the 1990s, one that is structured by a framework-agreement renewed multiple times and nearly forty collaborations each year. This associated research laboratory, which also includes INSA Lyon, Lyon 1 University and Jean Monnet University, marks a new stage in this cooperation by developing polymer materials that offer higher performance, and are more recyclable and sober in energy.”

Christophe Moriceau, VP – Advanced Research, Michelin Group, said, “With PolMixLab, Michelin is strengthening its ability to anticipate and accompany major industrial and environmental issues connected to materials. By combining our unparalleled expertise in materials science and polymer composites with the academic excellence of our partners, we strive to invent rubbers that offer higher performance and are more durable and sober in energy. This research indeed includes the development of materials from biosourced resources, as well as control over material life cycle assessment, with a view to creating innovative solutions offering reduced environmental impact in the service of mobility, along with numerous industrial applications beyond tyres.”

Bruno Lina, President, Lyon 1 University, said, “PolMixLab illustrates the capacity of Lyon 1 University to develop structural research partnerships where scientific excellence meets industrial and environmental issues. By mobilising our expertise in materials science alongside our academic partners and Michelin, we help develop innovative solutions for materials that offer higher performance and are more suitable for the uses of the future.”

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

Hankook Tire, the exclusive tyre supplier to the FIA World Rally Championship (WRC), is supporting Round 5 of the 2026 WRC season, Rally Islas Canarias, taking place from 23 to 26 April across Spain’s Canary Islands. For the event, Hankook is providing its Ventus Z215 and Ventus Z210 tarmac rally tyres, with the former engineered for precise handling on abrasive asphalt and the latter designed for wet-road traction and water evacuation.

Celebrating its 50th anniversary in 2026, Rally Islas Canarias returned as an official WRC round for the second consecutive year after joining the calendar for the first time the previous season. Based on Gran Canaria Island, home to the capital Las Palmas, the rally featured 18 special stages covering a competitive distance of 322.61 kilometres, all on asphalt. The opening day’s highlight was the Super Special Stage at the BP Ultimate - Circuito Islas Canarias, where drivers competed in a head-to-head time-attack format.

Regarded as one of the championship’s most iconic tarmac events, the rally is defined by the abrasive, high-grip asphalt and dramatic elevation changes of Gran Canaria’s volcanic terrain. While the consistent surface grip allows circuit-like, high-speed precision driving, it also subjects tyres to intense physical stress. Maintaining grip under high surface temperatures and adapting to unpredictable mountain weather is expected to make tyre performance a decisive factor in the rally’s outcome.

Since the 2025 season, Hankook has served as the exclusive tyre supplier for all WRC classes, reinforcing its role as a key technical partner in global motorsport. By leveraging data from top-tier series such as the ABB FIA Formula E World Championship and the WRC, alongside advanced R&D infrastructure, Hankook continues to drive innovation in high-performance tyre technology while strengthening its global premium brand position.

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

Continental is providing comprehensive tyre support to Royal Den Hartogh Logistics, a Dutch family-owned leader in container-based bulk transport for the chemical and food industries. With a history of collaboration exceeding 60 years, the tyre manufacturer now supplies professional tyre management and rolling resistance optimised tyres from the Conti Eco Gen 5 family to the logistics firm’s European fleet of over 900 vehicles.

Peter Rodenburg, Senior Technical Manager at Den Hartogh, has identified safety, costs and the energy transition as the biggest challenges in the company’s Europe wide operations. His assessment highlights the need for more fuel-efficient driving and emission reductions. Meanwhile, Hinnerk Kaiser, Head of Product Development for Bus and Truck Tires at Continental, notes that the fifth generation of the Conti Eco tyre family is specifically designed to address transport sector customer needs and Europe’s dynamic regulatory environment.

The vehicle fleet operates across Europe with the latest generation tyres, supported by Continental’s Pull Point tyre monitoring, breakdown analysis and cost evaluation. Rodenburg has confirmed that the Eco tyre’s optimisation for rolling resistance delivers significant benefits in fuel efficiency and overall performance. The Conti Eco HD 5 has demonstrated its value in both fuel economy and mileage while also performing reliably under varying road and weather conditions.

Rodenburg has reported that after one year of joint fleet monitoring, the first impression of tyre performance and wear is positive. The switch to this tyre, combined with other vehicle optimisations, has yielded measurable cost savings. He states that with the complete package in place, the company has seen significant improvements in average fuel consumption of up to eight percent, making the move to the Conti Eco HD 5 a positive decision.

Looking ahead, Rodenburg acknowledges that the energy transition is taking shape, though the speed of fleet electrification remains uncertain. He emphasises that energy is becoming more expensive and must be used as efficiently as possible, with rolling resistance and air resistance representing losses to be minimised. An optimal tyre, he concludes, brings measurable benefits at every stage of the fleet’s transformation, an area where the rolling resistance optimised Conti Eco Gen 5 excels in contributing to fleet optimisation.

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company has been named the ‘Top Manufacturer of the Year for Summer Tires 2026’ by Auto Bild, one of Europe’s leading automotive publications. The accolade recognises the brand’s outstanding performance across the season’s independent tyre tests, marking the fourth time in five years that Goodyear has secured this top honour. Auto Bild’s award is based on aggregated results from its recent summer tyre comparisons, with Goodyear previously earning the same distinction in 2022, 2023 and 2025.

Goodyear shared the leading position with Hankook Tire after outperforming several industry rivals. Auto Bild editors twice awarded the Eagle F1 Asymmetric 6 an ‘Exemplary’ rating, also naming it Eco Champion and Green Tire of the Year. Those distinctions highlight the tyre’s balanced capabilities in performance, efficiency and sustainability, reinforcing Goodyear’s ability to deliver consistent results in rigorous independent evaluations.

Beyond the flagship award, Goodyear’s summer tyre portfolio achieved multiple podium finishes and top recommendations during the 2026 testing season. Highlights include a first-place result in Mootori’s summer tyre test in Finland, as well as podium wins from Auto Zeitung, ADAC and Sport Auto. From safety-critical braking to efficiency-focused rolling resistance, Goodyear tyres continued to set benchmarks across Europe in independent assessments.

Jan-Piet Van Kesteren, Managing Director EMEA & Chief Sales Officer EMEA Consumer, Goodyear, said, “Being named ‘Top Manufacturer of the Year for Summer Tires’ once again by Auto Bild is a strong recognition of the consistent performance we are delivering across our tyre portfolio. Achieving this award four times in the past five years highlights the strength of our product lineup and our commitment to innovation to ensure that our high-quality tyres meet the evolving needs of drivers. At Goodyear, our ambition is to be #1 in tyres and service, and recognitions like this reinforces the progress we are making towards that goal. We remain focused on developing products that combine performance, safety and sustainability while continuing to deliver value to our customers and partners.”

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!