It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

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Dr Suttipong Angthong, Secretary-General of the Association of Natural Rubber Producing Countries (ANRPC), attended the Royal Ceremony of the First Ploughing of the Season on 13 May 2026 at Sanam Luang ceremonial grounds.

Representing the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives of Thailand, the ancient rite officially opened Thailand’s new rice-growing season, a centuries-old tradition meant to encourage and strengthen the spirit of farmers nationwide. Dr Angthong joined ambassadors and heads of international organisations in witnessing the sacred ceremony, which underscores agriculture’s profound importance to the Thai way of life.

Although focused on rice cultivation, the event carries significant weight for the natural rubber sector. Thailand remains the world’s leading producer and exporter of natural rubber, and the day served as a reminder of the dedication required to sustain that global position. Dr Angthong used the occasion to engage with international partners, reaffirming a shared commitment to agricultural workers’ welfare.

For the rubber industry, which supports millions of families and forms a cornerstone of the Thai economy, the ceremony symbolises a hopeful beginning for all who toil on the land. Dr Angthong expressed gratitude for the invitation and noted that the unity displayed by the international community highlights a collective responsibility to support sustainable growth and prosperity in agriculture.

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Hankook Tire’s iON Race compound faces its most demanding test of the ABB FIA Formula E World Championship season this weekend as the championship’s sole tyre supplier arrives for the 2026 Monaco E-Prix. The double-header Rounds 9 and 10 of Season 12 take place on 16 and 17 May around the 3.337-kilometre Circuit de Monaco, where the specialised tyre must handle everything from tight hairpins to high-speed tunnel blasts.

The Principality’s layout features 19 turns and dramatic elevation shifts, creating a constantly changing environment for the rubber. Drivers emerge from the shaded Sainte-Dévote ascent into direct sunlight along Beau Rivage, then brake heavily for the Grand Hotel Hairpin before accelerating through the tunnel towards the harbour. Each lap subjects the iON Race to alternating low-speed loads and high-frequency thermal spikes, demanding consistent response across its entire operating range without a single moment of mechanical sympathy.

With two full race days on consecutive dates, teams cannot rely on track evolution alone to manage tyre behaviour. Shifting grip levels between Saturday qualifying and Sunday’s race, compounded by changing light conditions around the circuit, force every squad to prioritise repeatability. Hankook has engineered the iON Race to deliver stable warm-up and predictable thermal control, allowing drivers to execute energy management strategies even when braking zones and cornering loads vary lap by lap.

Hankook continues to bridge racing innovation to road cars. Recent fan activations at Miami and Berlin displayed iON tyres fitted to Nissan and DS Automobiles’ latest EVs, demonstrating how motorsport-derived grip and consistency translate into everyday electric mobility. The Monaco double-header now serves as the next proving ground for that technology transfer.

Manfred Sandbichler, Senior Director, Hankook Motorsport, said, “Monaco presents a unique challenge where precision and consistency are critical from the first lap. With limited room for error, tyre performance needs to be predictable across a wide range of conditions. The iON Race is designed to support that consistency, allowing teams to manage performance effectively across both qualifying and race conditions.”

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Anyline, a global leader in mobile AI and intelligent data capture technology, has stepped in to help transform how aircraft tyre inventories are managed in New Zealand, supporting logistics firm B&H Worldwide with its mobile AI and data capture tools. The technology has been woven into B&H’s existing FirstTRAC platform, targeting the unique demands of aerospace supply chains where precision and tracking are essential.

Processing times for tyre-related stock tasks have fallen by 60 percent since the system went live. Error rates have dropped sharply, landing between 80 and 90 percent, while data accuracy now sits above 99 percent. The number of tyres handled per hour has also climbed by roughly 30 percent, with warehouse teams using mobile devices to log key tyre details directly on the floor.

New Zealand was chosen as the launch pad for the global pilot, setting a template for future rollouts across B&H’s broader network. The Anyline mobile and web software development kits feed a continuous stream of live data into FirstTRAC, covering stock checks, dispatch requests and bulk uploads. That real-time visibility strengthens compliance and creates a clear digital trail for high-value assets.

For Anyline, the project shows how AI can remove friction from manual logistics work, especially in aerospace where every part must be traceable. The next site already lined up is Melbourne, marking a clear step forward in B&H’s wider push towards digitised, resilient operations.

Christoph Braunsberger, CEO, Anyline, said, “We’re proud to support B&H Worldwide in transforming a highly specialised aerospace logistics workflow with AI. This implementation demonstrates how intelligent tyre data capture can improve speed, accuracy and traceability in safety-critical operations.”

Lee Hedges, Branch Manager, B&H Worldwide New Zealand, said, “This implementation represents a significant step forward in how we manage high-value, safety-critical inventory. By introducing real-time tyre scanning, we’ve improved accuracy, speed and traceability across our operations. For our customers, it means greater visibility, faster reporting and increased confidence in the integrity of their stock.”

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Continental has emerged as the dominant force in the 2026 independent European summer tyre tests, securing 13 outright wins and 19 podium finishes across 24 evaluations conducted by leading automotive publications and mobility organisations. The results span a diverse range of tyre segments and test conditions, reinforcing the German manufacturer’s reputation for consistent top-tier performance.

The company’s tyres excelled particularly in braking, wet grip and overall balance, showing reliability across vehicle classes from sustainable products to ultra-high-performance applications. Independent testers repeatedly highlighted Continental’s strong braking performance, high levels of wet adhesion and well-rounded driving behaviour, confirming its premium ambitions.

Among the standout achievements, the PremiumContact 7 was named overall winner in the Auto Zeitung UHP summer tyre test, praised for its balanced wet and dry handling. The SportContact 7 claimed first place in the Auto Bild sportscars UHP test, recognised for precise handling and shortest braking distances. Meanwhile, the UltraContact NXT achieved a leading position in the AvD summer tyre test, proving that sustainability-focused designs can deliver strong core safety performance.

Continuous development in tread design, compound technologies and tyre construction underpins these results, allowing a blend of safety, efficiency and driving dynamics. The 2026 test season ultimately demonstrates Continental’s ability to deliver reliable top-level results across a broad portfolio and a wide range of independent evaluations.

Andreas Schlenke, Tire Expert at Continental, said, “These results confirm the consistency of our product performance across different segments and test conditions. They show that our focus on braking, wet grip and overall balance translates directly into strong results in independent testing.”

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