It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

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Egypt has taken a step towards establishing a USD 500 million tyre manufacturing complex in the Sokhna Industrial Zone, according to Daily News Egypt, following the signing of a letter of intent between the Suez Canal Economic Zone (SCZONE) and China’s Zhongce Rubber Group.

Minister of Investment and Foreign Trade Mohamed Farid and SCZONE Chairperson Mostafa Sheikhoun witnessed the signing, which sets out a framework to study the project’s feasibility and assess its technical and investment requirements.

The proposed development would span about 600,000 sq metres and be implemented in three phases. Around 95 per cent of production, comprising passenger car and truck tyres, would be directed towards export markets.

Farid, as per the report, said the agreement marked “an important step towards exploring the establishment of an integrated industrial project in the tyre sector”, adding that it reflects efforts to attract foreign direct investment, expand production and boost exports.

He said Egypt’s geographical position, infrastructure and logistics capabilities support access to markets in Africa, the Middle East and Europe, strengthening its potential as a regional manufacturing hub.

Sheikhoun said the project aligns with SCZONE’s strategy to attract industrial investment and deepen local manufacturing, adding that the Sokhna Industrial Zone offers logistical advantages and access to global trade routes.

Shen Jinrong, Chairperson and General Manager of Zhongce Rubber Group, said the company plans to implement the project in three phases, with investments of about USD 500 million He added that around 95 percent of production would be exported as the group seeks to expand in regional and international markets.

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Prinx Chengshan is showcasing its core brand portfolio at the 21st China International Tire and Wheel Expo (CITEXPO 2026), which commenced in Shanghai on 2 September. Having evolved over two decades, this annual gathering has solidified its status as a pivotal professional trade fair for the Asia-Pacific tyre and wheel sector. The company’s exhibition presence features its four principal labels: PRINX, Chengshan, Austone and Fortune.

A significant focus of Prinx Chengshan's recent corporate strategy has been the off-the-road tyre segment, where substantial industrial advancements have been achieved. The company has operationalised a green, intelligent manufacturing facility dedicated to OTR production, leading to the successful serial production of giant tyres in 27.00R49, 30.00R51 and 33.00R51 dimensions. The recent addition of a 57-inch model, which completed production in August, has expanded this product matrix and signifies a new developmental phase in speciality tyre engineering.

The company's technological prowess in the OTR field is demonstrated by specific products at the expo, including the ERD47 tyre for rigid dump trucks and the ET36 for wide-body dump trucks. These models serve as tangible evidence of the manufacturer's continuous research and development breakthroughs within this demanding sector.

In the passenger vehicle domain, Prinx Chengshan is presenting its newly launched Austone MEI series, which embodies the brand's philosophy of instilling driving confidence and aesthetic appeal. This series offers three distinct products: the Meizong all-terrain tyre, the Meijie ultra-high-performance tyre and the Meitu high-performance tyre. Also featured is the Prinx Chroma Sprite, which distinguishes itself with coloured sidewalls that challenge conventional tyre aesthetics while incorporating noise-reduction and anti-photo-oxidation technologies for enhanced durability.

Leveraging extensive commercial vehicle expertise, the company has developed proprietary technologies including GPT low rolling resistance, X-CHIP intelligent tyre and ETT wear-resistance for electric trucks. These innovations have established industry benchmarks in the replacement market and facilitated growth in original equipment segments. The Austone AAR608 for long-haul routes and the Fortune FDO307 for mining conditions are on display, showcasing the expanding scope of the company's industrial solutions.

Looking forward, Prinx Chengshan intends to persist with its integrated product and service approach, focusing on the varied requirements of global customers. By enhancing product quality, service delivery and brand equity, the company aims to contribute substantially to the sustainable progress of the worldwide transportation industry through its advanced manufacturing capabilities.

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Triangle Tyre has been appointed as the inaugural Official Tyre Partner of Brentford Football Club following the signing of a new two-year exclusivity agreement in the tyre category. The contract was formalised in London by Brentford Commercial Director Fran James and Triangle Tyre’s Europe General Manager, Corrado Moglia.

The alliance unites two performance-focused entities that share a challenger philosophy, having each ascended in their fields through strategic intelligence and operational efficiency. Brentford’s renowned data-driven methodologies are complemented by Triangle Tyre’s dedication to engineering research and product advancement, creating a synergy between on-pitch analytics and industrial innovation.

As part of the arrangement, Stapleton’s Tyre Services, the largest UK distributor of passenger car tyres, has been designated as the Local Delivery Partner to facilitate the activation of commercial rights domestically. Brentford’s international visibility is expected to elevate Triangle Tyre’s global brand presence, while the club will also coordinate targeted promotional efforts within London and the broader United Kingdom.

Sustainability forms a core pillar of the collaboration, providing a platform to highlight Triangle Tyre’s environmental commitments and technological developments alongside community initiatives nationwide. The tyre manufacturer will benefit from matchday branding at the Gtech Community Stadium, player and ambassador content opportunities and exclusive hospitality access during home fixtures.

Fran Jones, Commercial Director, Brentford, said, "It's very exciting to welcome another challenger brand like Triangle to our partnership family. When you share that mindset, the understanding of what the partnership can achieve is clear from the start. Triangle's innovation and sustainable commitments really impressed us too, so I have full faith that this is the beginning of a strong, impactful relationship."

Corrado Moglia, General Manager – Europe, Triangle Tyre, said, “We are extremely pleased to begin this partnership with Brentford Football Club. Brentford is a club with a strong identity, an ambitious approach and a reputation for competing successfully through intelligence, organisation and determination. Triangle and Brentford share a challenger mindset and believe that data, technology and efficiency can deliver outstanding results. This partnership is an important step in strengthening Triangle’s brand visibility across Europe while providing a powerful global platform to communicate our innovation, sustainability and corporate responsibility.”

Andy Fern, Managing Director, Stapleton’s Tyre Services, said, “We are delighted to support this exciting partnership. As the UK’s largest tyre distribution business, we have worked with Triangle for many years to bring its passenger car tyres to market, and have seen first-hand the brand’s commitment to innovation, quality and sustainable development. Brentford’s progressive approach and strong community connection make them an excellent partner. We look forward to bringing the partnership to life and creating meaningful opportunities to engage our customers, and, ultimately, drivers across the country.”

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Michelin has secured a landmark contract extension with the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA) and the Automobile Club de l’Ouest, cementing its role as the exclusive tyre supplier for the Hypercar class in the FIA World Endurance Championship. The renewed agreement, which emerged from a formal tender process, will now remain in effect through the conclusion of the 2032 season, adding three additional years to the existing deal that was originally set to expire in 2029.

The French tyre manufacturer has maintained an uninterrupted presence in elite endurance racing since 1998 and was instrumental in the championship’s revival in 2012. Currently, Michelin supplies every competitor within the Hypercar field, a category that showcases premier global automotive brands. Within this highly competitive environment, tyre performance directly influences speed, strategic decision-making, safety protocols and overall ecological footprint.

Endurance racing continues to function as a critical testing ground for Michelin’s technological advancements, with extreme track conditions, varied weather and sustained high-speed loads driving rapid innovation. These rigorous demands facilitate the transfer of cutting-edge developments to everyday road tyres. Furthermore, the company has leveraged motorsport to advance sustainable mobility, as evidenced by the new 2026 MICHELIN Pilot Sport Endurance range, whose slick compounds now feature 50 percent renewable and recycled materials.

This extended partnership ensures Michelin will maintain its development platform alongside the FIA, the ACO and all Hypercar manufacturers. The collaboration underscores racing’s capacity to produce tangible, resource-conscious solutions that uphold performance standards while addressing environmental considerations across the entire tire lifecycle.

Matthieu Bonardel, Director, Michelin Motorsport, said, “We are particularly proud of the renewed confidence shown in Michelin by the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile and the Automobile Club de l’Ouest. I would like to sincerely thank both organisations for the quality of our discussions throughout this tender process. This contract extension is a strong recognition of the quality of the tyres and services we provide, as well as our ability to continuously innovate. It is also excellent news for our teams and for all our manufacturer partners, with whom we share the same ambition: to push the boundaries of performance while accelerating the transition towards increasingly sustainable mobility.”

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