It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

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Apollo Tyres Ltd has recorded a significant improvement in brand strength within its domestic Indian market, according to a fresh independent assessment from Brand Finance. The analysis, which focuses on the world’s strongest and most valuable tyre brands, places Apollo Tyres as the fastest climber in the latest rankings.

The evaluation follows ISO 20671 standards and examines factors such as marketing investment, stakeholder equity and business performance using proprietary market research and public data. Brands are assessed primarily in their leading markets, with region-specific scores shaping the overall findings. Apollo Tyres’ progress has been fuelled by globally activated sports sponsorships, product innovation, customer engagement, new distribution networks and strategic marketing.

In the 2026 Brand Strength Index for global tyre brands, Apollo Tyres jumped from 13th place last year to 6th. Its Brand Strength Index score rose to 80.59 out of 100, up from 66.63 in the prior year. Consumer familiarity with the brand increased by 15.8 percent and brand understanding grew by 26.4 percent.

Key developments over the past year have driven this positive awareness, especially in India. In September 2025, Apollo Tyres became the lead sponsor of the Indian Cricket Team, securing title sponsorship rights for all home international matches involving both men’s and women’s teams, as well as domestic BCCI tournaments. The Apollo Tyres logo now appears prominently on the front and leading arm of the official Team India jersey.

Udyan Ghai, Group Head, Marketing, Apollo Tyres Ltd, said, “The new Brand Strength rankings provide important independent validation of our global marketing efforts. Whether through new products, enhanced services or improved accessibility, our focus remains on delivering value to customers while further strengthening the Apollo Tyres brand in markets around the world.”

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Bridgestone, alongside Kwik Fit, has announced a new two-year sponsorship deal with Camper Calling Festival covering 2026 and 2027. The partnership, which kicks off over the August Bank Holiday weekend, positions the tyre manufacturer as the Official Tyre Partner and the sponsor of the Lakeside Stage at the Warwickshire event.

Held at Ragley Hall from 28 to 30 August, the festival draws around 25,000 annual attendees, including campers, music fans and families. This collaboration provides a direct channel for Bridgestone and Kwik Fit to connect with that adventure-seeking audience in a relaxed, outdoor environment.

The timing aligns with the UK summer introduction of Bridgestone’s new Duravis Camper Van tyre. Engineered for the growing campervan segment, the premium tyre emphasises durability, safety and driving confidence. The festival setting offers an authentic lifestyle backdrop to showcase the product and strengthen Bridgestone’s reputation among British campervan users.

Drew Chapman, Consumer Sales Director, Bridgestone UK, said, “We’re delighted to announce that Bridgestone, in partnership with Kwik Fit, is joining the Camper Calling family as sponsor of the festival and the Lakeside Stage. The Lakeside Stage is one of the standout parts of Camper Calling, giving festivalgoers the chance to enjoy great live music in a brilliant setting. With our support, it’s set to be a real highlight of the weekend. This partnership reflects our shared ambition to help people enjoy every journey with confidence, focusing on what really matters to drivers – safety, reliability and peace of mind. It also gives us a strong platform to support the launch of the first ever Bridgestone Duravis Camper Van tyre.”

Andy Lane, Director of Marketing, Kwik Fit, said, “Camper Calling is a strong fit for Kwik Fit, giving us the chance to connect with campers, families and festivalgoers during one of the busiest travel weekends of the summer. Our partnership with Bridgestone brings together two trusted brands with a shared focus on helping drivers stay safe, prepared and ready for every journey. It also gives us a strong opportunity to show how Kwik Fit supports customers with practical, dependable service when it matters most. We’re looking forward to bringing the partnership to life at Ragley Hall and showing how Kwik Fit can help keep people moving with confidence, whether they’re setting off for the festival or heading home again afterwards.”

David Arthur, Managing Director of Camper Calling, said, “We’re delighted to welcome Bridgestone and Kwik Fit as official partners of Camper Calling. Both brands are synonymous with quality, reliability and helping people enjoy the journey, which makes them a natural fit for our festival campers.”

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TyreSafe has issued a fresh warning to families during Child Safety Week, emphasising that protecting children on the road requires attention beyond just child car seats. The road safety charity urges parents and carers to consider the entire vehicle’s condition before every journey, particularly the tyres, which are critical for braking, grip and overall control.

The organisation stresses that while correctly fitted child restraints offer vital protection during a collision, vehicle safety begins before a crash ever occurs. Worn, damaged or underinflated tyres can significantly increase stopping distances and compromise a vehicle’s ability to respond in an emergency, undermining the protection that child seats are designed to provide.

This guidance aligns with the government’s new Road Safety Strategy, which aims to reduce road deaths and serious injuries by 65 percent overall and by 70 percent for children under 16 by 2035. TyreSafe notes that achieving these targets depends on a Safe System approach, where multiple layers of safety work together. Recent data from Good Egg Safety CIC community checks reinforces this point, revealing that approximately two thirds of inspected child restraints are incorrectly fitted or unsuitable due to issues such as slack seat belts, loose bases, misrouted belts or improperly adjusted support legs and carry handles.

To help families act, TyreSafe promotes its simple ACT checklist. Air pressure should be checked regularly against the vehicle manufacturer’s recommended levels. Condition must be inspected for cuts, bulges, cracks or embedded objects. Tread depth must meet the legal minimum of 1.6 mm with no uneven wear. These checks are especially important given that children must use an appropriate car seat until age 12 or until they reach 135 centimetres in height.

As part of Child Safety Week, TyreSafe is supporting local initiatives across UK, including free child car seat checking events in West Yorkshire delivered with West Yorkshire Vision Zero and Good Egg Safety CIC. Selected sessions will also offer free tyre safety checks and practical advice. TyreSafe encourages families to attend such events and remember that every part of the journey matters when it comes to protecting children on the road.

Stuart Lovatt, Chair of TyreSafe, said, “A correctly fitted child seat offers vital protection, but it is only one part of the safety picture. Tyres are the only contact between the vehicle and the road and have a direct impact on braking, grip and control. If tyres are not properly maintained, stopping distances increase and vehicle performance can be affected – particularly in emergency situations or poor weather conditions. Keeping children safe means looking at the whole journey and the whole vehicle. Simple checks can make a significant difference.”

Janis James MBE, Chief Executive of Good Egg Safety CIC, said, “Parents and carers go to extraordinary lengths to protect the children they love, yet our national data consistently shows that around two thirds of child car seats are being used incorrectly – often by caring families who simply don’t realise something is wrong. The encouraging news is that many of the issues we identify can usually be corrected quickly with the support of our highly experienced and accredited Safety Advisors, potentially making a life-saving difference in the event of a collision. By working alongside TyreSafe at selected events, we are supporting the wider Safe System approach – helping families stay safer both inside and outside the vehicle.”

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Goodyear highlighted progress at its Amiens tyre plant modernisation during a visit by French President Emmanuel Macron. The facility, which first opened in 1958, is undergoing a major transformation launched in 2022 and supported by the French government’s France 2030 programme. This investment aims to strengthen the site’s long-term competitiveness and future readiness.

Nearly 800 employees work at the Amiens plant, producing consumer tyres for global original equipment and replacement markets. Beyond technology, the overhaul emphasises workforce development through expanded training, upskilling programmes and active recruitment for roles ranging from operators to engineers. These efforts are designed to align the site’s evolution with new technologies while preparing a skilled workforce for the future.

Mark Stewart, Chief Executive Officer and President, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, said, “We’re proud to welcome President Macron to Amiens and show the progress our team has made. Over the past several years, we’ve reshaped this plant – bringing in more advanced technologies, increasing automation and digital solutions to shift its production towards premium, higher-value tyres. This modernisation is about our people and the future of the Amiens facility. Together with the French government, we’ve strengthened this site and built on Goodyear’s longstanding presence in France, reinforcing our commitment to manufacturing and jobs here.”

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