It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

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World Environment Day should not only remind us about the environmental challenges we face today but also make us realise how urgently we need to change the way we produce, consume and manage waste across industries and communities. For decades, waste has continued to accumulate faster than our ability to process it responsibly, which has directly impacted our ecosystems, natural resources, public health and the future of coming generations. The reality is that environmental sustainability can no longer remain limited to discussions, annual reports or long-term commitments because the planet needs immediate and measurable action.

One of the biggest changes we need today is a shift in mindset where waste is no longer viewed as something to discard but as a resource that holds economic and environmental value when managed through the right systems and technologies. Countries across the world are moving towards circular economy models because they understand that sustainable growth will only be possible when industries reduce landfill dependency, recover value from waste and invest in cleaner processes that protect the environment while supporting economic progress.

India has made significant progress in building awareness around sustainability, recycling and environmental responsibility over the last decade, and government is leaving no stone unturned to formalise this sector in terms of infrastructure, technology adoption, policy implementation and collective participation.

To support the government’s initiative, we all must work together with greater accountability to strengthen recycling ecosystems, encourage responsible waste management practices and create long-term environmental impact through real execution rather than temporary solutions.

As someone who has spent years working closely with the recycling industry, I strongly believe that technology will play one of the most critical roles in solving future environmental challenges because efficient recycling systems can help recover valuable resources, reduce pollution, lower landfill burden and conserve energy for a more sustainable future. This belief is also deeply connected to our motto, ‘Committed to Create a Green Future’, which reflects the responsibility we all share towards protecting the environment through meaningful and long-term action. However, technology alone cannot create change unless it is supported by intent, awareness and collective responsibility.

On this World Environment Day, let us move beyond conversations and take meaningful steps towards building a cleaner, greener and more sustainable planet where environmental progress is driven by action, innovation and responsibility for future generations.

Jignesh Kundaria
Director and CEO, Fornnax

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TyreSafe has issued an urgent appeal for motorcyclists to prioritise tyre maintenance as new government data shows a worrying rise in rider deaths. The safety organisation is backing the National Police Chiefs’ Council’s Operation Apex, a road safety initiative running from 1 to 14 June.

According to provisional casualty figures from the Department for Transport, motorcycle users recorded the largest percentage increase in fatalities among all major road user groups across Great Britain. An estimated 384 riders lost their lives in 2025, representing a 13 percent rise compared to the previous year and marking the second consecutive annual increase.

Although motorcyclists make up a small fraction of overall traffic, they remain heavily overrepresented in serious and fatal collision statistics. In response, TyreSafe is using Operation Apex to promote a simple pre-ride tyre check known as ACT, which covers air pressure, condition and tread depth.

Riders are advised to check air pressure when tyres are cold using an accurate gauge and to follow manufacturer recommendations, adjusting for luggage or passengers. Visual inspections before every ride should look for cuts, bulges, embedded objects, uneven wear or signs of ageing. For tread depth, motorcycles over 50 cc require a minimum of one millimetre across the central three quarters of the tyre, while smaller mopeds need all original grooves clearly visible.

TyreSafe recommends performing these checks before each journey, especially after storage, bad weather or long trips. The organisation has released free resources including a guide, leaflet, poster, videos and social media assets to support Operation Apex and encourage safer riding habits.

These materials are available for riders, instructors and safety groups to download from the TyreSafe website throughout June. The initiative aims to reduce preventable incidents by helping motorcyclists recognise warning signs and maintain their tyres properly.

Stuart Lovatt, Chair of TyreSafe, said, “The latest casualty figures are a stark reminder that riders remain among the most vulnerable people on our roads. For many riders, motorcycles and scooters provide freedom, independence and essential transport – but that freedom depends on machines being safe, sustainable and roadworthy. Tyres are too often overlooked, yet they play a critical role in how a motorcycle brakes, corners and responds in an emergency.

“Our message during Operation Apex is simple: ACT before every ride by checking Air pressure, Condition and Tread. A few moments spent checking tyres can make a significant difference to safety. Tyre safety should become part of every rider’s routine, just like checking fuel or putting on protective equipment. ACT is easy to remember and empowers riders to take control of their own safety before setting off. Tyre safety is not about fear – it is about preparation. You cannot control every hazard on the road, but you can control whether your motorcycle is ready to respond safely when the unexpected happens.”

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The Goodyear Blimp has redefined its century-long legacy of hovering over major pop culture moments by hosting a first-of-its-kind music festival inside an airship hangar. Dubbed BANGR at the HANGR, the event marked the brand’s second annual birthday celebration, transforming the massive space into a high-energy bash.

Festivalgoers experienced a series of exclusive attractions, including a ride aboard the Wingfoot One blimp itself. A headlining DJ set from Noizu was delivered from a stage built with Goodyear tyres, while guests also browsed signature merchandise and attended an after-party in a uniquely blimp-worthy atmosphere.

The event featured an eclectic roster of attendees, from nostalgic mascots to local sports icons. Participants included the Care Bears, puppies from Kind Paw Rescue wearing Fi GPS wearables, the Oscar Mayer Wienermobile, an inflatable Flo from Progressive, Rainforest Cafe’s Cha! Cha! The Tree Frog, Geoffrey from Toys“R”Us and Vita Coco’s Coco Man.

Swensons Drive-In also made an appearance, alongside Ohio-based sports mascots such as Chomps from the Cleveland Browns, Flash from Kent State University and Zippy from the University of Akron. From chaotic dance floor moments to oversized photo opportunities, the birthday celebration was a blend of fun and charm as intended by the high-flying guest of honour.

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Hankook Tire moved to accelerate its market expansion in the United Arab Emirates by hosting the ‘Laufenn Partner Event’ on 21 May. The company collaborated with its official UAE distributor, Gulf Coasts Co L.L.C., a well-established player in the Middle Eastern automotive sector.

Over 150 regional wholesalers, retailers, dealers, fleet customers and executives from Hankook Tire’s Middle East and Africa Division attended the gathering. The event served to share strategic plans for growing Laufenn’s presence in the UAE, leveraging Gulf Coasts’ advanced logistics and technical workforce to solidify Hankook’s business influence.

The programme highlighted Laufenn’s high-performance passenger car and SUV tyre lineups, including the new EV-compatible LK12 model, which promises improved performance, handling, stability and longer mileage. A brand session unveiled the strategic roadmap for the UAE, followed by a business conference aimed at maximising partner collaboration.

Jong Woo Kim, Vice President and Head of the MEA Division at Hankook Tire & Technology, said, "Based on the strong distribution synergy with Gulf Coasts, we will rapidly expand Laufenn's footprint in the UAE market. By delivering Laufenn's value-conscious strategy, which is anchored in Hankook Tire's global top-tier technology and strict quality standards, we are committed to driving sustainable, mutual growth alongside our local partners."

Hamed Ghaedi, Managing Director, Gulf Coasts Co L.L.C, said, "We are tremendously excited to lead the official distribution of Laufenn, a global brand engineered by Hankook Tire. Moving forward, we will fully activate our channels, combined with our robust sales force, to maximise Laufenn's market visibility and deliver meaningful commercial outcomes across the UAE."

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