It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.
Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.
Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.
The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.
The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.
The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.
The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:
• Political Globalisation
• Social Globalisation
• Economic Globalisation
• Technological Globalisation
• Financial Globalisation
• Cultural Globalisation
• Economic Globalisation
• Geographical Globalisation
My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.
Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.
Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long, built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.
On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.
The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.
The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance of mankind.
A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.
The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.
“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”
“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)
CEAT Q2 FY27 Revenue Rises 26% to INR 47.62 Bln
- By TT News
- October 14, 2026
CEAT reported a 26 percent year-on-year increase in consolidated revenue to INR 47.62 billion in the second quarter of the 2026-27 financial year, while net profit stood at INR 1.12 billion as higher raw material costs continued to weigh on the tyre maker.
The company’s consolidated earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) margin was 9.5 percent, according to its unaudited results for the quarter ended 30 September.
Arnab Banerjee, Managing Director and Chief Executive, said revenue growth was supported by premium segments across business units. He added that the conflict in West Asia had kept raw material costs high, prompting the company to tighten cost controls.
CEAT expects to deliver double-digit revenue growth in the second half of the financial year, alongside further price increases, Banerjee said.
On a standalone basis, revenue rose 23 percent year on year to INR 45.48 billion. EBITDA margin was 10.14 percent, while net profit reached INR 1.64 billion.
Kumar Subbiah, Chief Financial Officer, said commodity costs were expected to remain elevated in the third quarter. The company would continue to pursue measured price increases and improve its product mix to manage cost pressures.
Subbiah said debt increased during the quarter, largely because of capital expenditure of close to INR 4.9 billion to expand capacity in areas with high utilisation, as well as dividend payments.
He added that CEAT would maintain financial discipline while investing to meet demand and support profitable growth.
Michelin Expands Delhi Presence With Dwarka And Karol Bagh Outlets
- By TT News
- October 14, 2026
Michelin has strengthened its retail presence in India by launching two Michelin Tyres & Services outlets in Delhi, located in Dwarka and Karol Bagh. The openings make Michelin's premium tyre range, including the Made-in-India Primacy 5, accessible to customers in west and central Delhi, alongside professional fitment and tyre care. The Dwarka facility was inaugurated by Benjamin Coesnon, Marketing Director India.
The Dwarka outlet, operated with Excellent Tyres, covers 1,500 sft and caters to one of Delhi's largest planned residential sub-cities and its expanding south-west corridor. Excellent Tyres, established in 1994, brings over 30 years of experience in the capital's tyre trade. Meanwhile, the Karol Bagh store, run with Rana Tyres, spans 1,000 sft in a prominent automotive trade hub. Founded in 1977 and now led by its third generation, Rana Tyres contributes nearly five decades of technical knowledge and a loyal clientele.
The expansion reflects Michelin's sustained commitment to India. Its distribution network now exceeds 800 points of sale, while over INR 28 billion has been invested in the Chennai manufacturing plant. A further INR 6.86 billion went into a passenger car tyre line that now produces the Primacy 5 for Indian buyers. The new stores aim to deliver safer, more durable and higher-performing mobility.
Shantanu Deshpande, Managing Director, Michelin India, said, " Delhi is one of the largest premium car markets in the country. Expanding our presence in Delhi will provide accessibility to today's customers and serve the next wave of premium car owners. With the Made-in-India Primacy 5 now available at these stores, customers in the capital can get Michelin's globally benchmarked safety and longevity, backed by expert service from trusted partners. India remains a key growth market for Michelin, and Delhi is central to how we continue to build our presence."
Pirelli Completes Winter Range Renewal With Scorpion Winter 3 Tyre For SUVs
- By TT News
- October 14, 2026
Pirelli has completed the renewal of its winter range with the Scorpion Winter 3, a tyre developed for SUVs in cold-weather conditions. That segment now accounts for more than half the global market and brings distinctive traits, notably greater weight and a higher centre of gravity, which demand dedicated internal structures and tread patterns.
The result is a tyre balancing performance across the many conditions of winter, from snow and wet roads to dry asphalt. It overcomes a traditional winter tyre compromise, giving SUV drivers consistent strength even in demanding situations, a claim already supported by a first independent test that ranked it best among its competitors. At launch, every size carries an A wet-grip rating on the EU tyre label, with noise between classes A and B. For the growing electric and plug-in hybrid portion of this segment, Pirelli also offers Elect technology, engineered specifically for those powertrains.
Development began with how tyres behave under heavy loads. The contact patch was redesigned to optimise pressure peaks, critical for mileage and even wear on heavy vehicles. This produced the generation's first major innovation: as the tread wears, the active edges within the contact patch, and therefore snow and wet grip, stay consistent over time. A dedicated carcass and tread design were likewise engineered for high vehicle weights.
The tread geometry adopts several Cinturato Winter 3 solutions, that tyre having recently won a test by the independent German association ADAC. These include a zigzag central groove for water evacuation and lateral snow grip, patented Snow Keeper Teeth that retain snow in the grooves to exploit snow-on-snow contact, and a high void ratio that aids snow and wet performance while countering aquaplaning. SUV-specific additions include stiffer tread blocks for handling and wear resistance under load, plus calibrated sipe density to preserve dry-road behaviour.
The compound draws on P Zero Winter 2 experience, using specific polymers such as Dual-Core Polymer, whose dual mechanism improves grip across conditions, while plasticisers broaden the operating temperature range. Engineers at Bicocca made extensive use of advanced Virtual Development techniques, simulating variables for precise results while cutting development time and prototypes, and driving simulators from static to dynamic helped target dry handling and enjoyment. The Pirelli Sottozero Center in Swedish Lapland enabled year-round snow and ice testing, partly indoors.
Launching in 30 sizes from 18 to 22 inches, the tyre offers Elect technology, which can raise electric and plug-in hybrid range by up to 10 percent, the Pirelli Noise Cancelling System that reduces perceived cabin noise via internal sound-absorbing material and Seal Inside for pressure retention after external punctures. It joins the Scorpion family begun in 1986 for high-riding vehicles and first fitted to the Lamborghini LM002, now spanning summer, winter and all-season road and off-road products with a strong original equipment focus. It adds to more than 1,200 homologations, including bespoke work for Aston Martin, Porsche, Lamborghini, Lotus, Audi, BMW, JLR and NIO. With winter tyre or snow chain rules starting 15 November, it completes a Winter range fully renewed over two years, alongside P Zero Winter 2 and Cinturato Winter 3.
Tyres Europe Among 44 Signatories Demanding Sharper EU Trade Defence
- By TT News
- October 14, 2026
Tyres Europe has joined 44 European organisations in backing a joint statement spearheaded by European Metals, which urges EU Member States to endorse a more rapid and robust application of the bloc’s trade defence arsenal. The statement advocates for extra personnel within DG TRADE’s trade defence units and greater reliance on existing instruments while pressing the Commission to introduce a fresh policy toolkit targeting state-driven market distortions.
For the tyre industry, these concerns carry direct consequences. European tyre production remains capital-intensive, encompassing over 70 plants, including retreading operations, alongside roughly 20 research and development centres. Of the 398 million tyres newly fitted across the EU in 2024, approximately 40 percent originated beyond the Union’s borders. In recent tyre proceedings, trade patterns evolved more swiftly than the EU could respond, both prior to and following the imposition of measures.
On 5 October, Tyres Europe published its position paper, ‘Towards a more effective EU Trade Defence Policy’, outlining its recommendations. Mirroring the joint statement, the paper requests additional resources for DG TRADE and advocates launching work on a new instrument designed to tackle systemic distortions.
Comments (0)
ADD COMMENT