It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

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Kuraray America, Inc. (KAI) threw its support behind Japan Festival Houston 2026, joining the weekend-long cultural showcase as both a sponsor and an active participant. The event served as a bridge between the company's Japanese origins and the Houston community it calls home.

Organised by the Japan-America Society of Houston (JASH), the two-day celebration gave visitors a window into Japanese culture. Attendees explored traditional and contemporary art, enjoyed live performances and authentic food, took part in family-oriented activities and browsed vendors selling Japanese merchandise and handcrafted items. The festival returns each year to honour Japanese culture in Houston while deepening ties between Japan and the United States.

KAI contributed as an Entertainment Underwriter sponsor, helping fund programming that made a weekend devoted to cultural connection, learning and community involvement possible. The occasion carried extra weight given that Kuraray reaches its 100th anniversary in 2026. Launched in Kurashiki, Japan, in 1926, the company evolved into a worldwide specialty chemical enterprise without losing its deep Japanese roots. For KAI's Houston-based employees, the festival became a way to honour that background and encourage cultural understanding close to home.

Over the course of the weekend, 21 KAI employees donated their time across various shifts, pitching in from Saturday morning until Sunday evening. Such involvement mirrors Kuraray America's wider dedication to supporting the communities where its workers reside and labour, and the company has backed the festival as a sponsor for several years running. KAI thanked every employee who volunteered, along with JASH for continuing to unite Houston through culture, education and meaningful interpersonal exchange, and offered particular gratitude to Mieko Davidson, Reiko Fuwa and Tomo Tani for their efforts.

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BKT has opened a 10,000 sq ft distribution facility in Sankagiri, Tamil Nadu, as the Indian tyre maker seeks to strengthen its position in the commercial vehicle radial segment in a key freight corridor.

The site, operated by authorised distributor Sri Jayanthi Roadways, is intended to improve product availability across eight markets — Salem, Sankagiri, Namakkal, Erode, Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Krishnagiri and Karur — while enabling closer engagement with fleet operators and dealers.

Tamil Nadu is one of India’s largest industrial and logistics centres, with extensive road infrastructure and high freight movement. The company said these factors make the state a strategic market for commercial vehicle tyres.

Sankagiri, a major trucking hub linking Salem, Coimbatore and Kerala, has been selected to support distribution across southern India. The facility is expected to serve as a point of contact for fleet operators and channel partners, strengthening the group’s regional presence.

The opening was accompanied by a partner event attended by dealers, fleet operators and regional transport representatives. A flag-off ceremony for seven commercial vehicles fitted with BKT tyres was also held.

Representatives present included Satish Sharma, Senior President and Director for Business Development and Strategy at BKT, and Amitkumar Agarwal, National Sales Head for Commercial Vehicle Radial Tyres at BKT. Local industry figures, including N R S (a) N Kandhasamy of the Sankagiri Lorry Owners Association and P Shanmugam of the Sankagiri Taluk Bus Owners Association, also attended.

Agarwal said: “Tamil Nadu is one of BKT Tyres priority growth markets for the commercial vehicle tyre segment, given its strong transport ecosystem, developed infrastructure and mature fleet operator base. As we continue to expand our on-highway business in India, strengthening our presence in key freight and logistics hubs is critical to building closer relationships with customers and improving access to our products.

“Sankagiri's strategic location and deep-rooted transport community make it an important market for our growth ambitions in the region. Through our partnership with Sri Jayanthi Roadways, which brings over four decades of industry experience, we are creating a stronger platform to serve fleet operators, transporters and channel partners. This facility is an important step in our commitment to building a robust distribution network and expanding BKT Tyres commercial vehicle tyre footprint across South India.”

The move comes as the company expands its commercial vehicle radial portfolio in India, targeting demand from the country’s transport sector.

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Dunlop will continue as the exclusive tyre supplier to the FIM Endurance World Cup Superstock and FIM Production World Trophy classes through the end of the 2029 season. The three-year extension with Endurance Moto Promoter, promoter of the FIM Endurance World Championship, preserves a role Dunlop has filled in Superstock since 2022 and in Production since that category's 2025 debut.

The agreement also maintains Dunlop's position as an Official Partner of the FIM EWC, a relationship that began in 2016. Teams across both classes will keep using the Dunlop KR slick range, receiving consistent performance, reliability and technical support whatever their size. Since 2022, the manufacturer has aided the steady progress of both grids in performance and competitive depth.

In the Formula EWC, where tyre choice stays open to all manufacturers, Dunlop will keep collaborating closely with several leading teams. It remains the most successful tyre brand in Championship history. The 2027 season opens with the 24 Heures Motos at Le Mans, France, from 8 to 11 April 2027.

Wim Van Achter, Motorcycle Motorsport Manager EMEA, Dunlop Motorcycle Europe, said, “We are honoured to continue our partnership with the FIM Endurance World Championship and EMP as the exclusive tyre supplier for the Superstock and Production classes. EWC is a valuable arena for the active development of Dunlop’s KR racing tyres, which are available on the market for racers and track day riders. This partnership represents a stamp of approval for our tyres and a further incentive to continue developing the next generation of the Dunlop KR racing range in one of the most competitive racing environments.”

Claude Michy, President, Endurance Moto Promoter, said, “We are delighted to continue the longstanding partnership between the FIM EWC World Championship and Dunlop as the sole tyre manufacturer for the Superstock and Production classes. Endurance racing is a discipline that demands performance but also great consistency and complete trust between the teams and their technical partners. Dunlop has unique expertise and experience in this field and has always demonstrated its ability to meet the particularly high standards of the FIM EWC World Championship. This renewal reflects the quality of our collaboration and our shared commitment to keep promoting the championship. Above all, the main goal is to continue supporting the Superstock and Production teams as well as possible, thanks to a new allocation system.”

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Hankook Tire has earned 11 podium placements in the 2026 WhatTyre Awards, marking its sixth straight year of recognition at the UK-focused honours. The awards, run by a specialist tyre news and comparison platform, spotlight leading products available to British motorists and rely on a scoring algorithm to rank top performers across the market.

The company’s 2026 haul includes three category victories, two Highly Recommended mentions and six Commended awards, reflecting the breadth of its portfolio and its emphasis on performance, safety and innovation. Its Ventus evo tyre retained the Performance of the Year title for a second consecutive year, with design features including an AI-assisted mixing process, extra-rigid sidewalls and tread blocks and low rolling resistance.

The Ventus evo’s latest honour follows strong showings in the 2026 Auto Bild summer tyre test, where it competed against 50 rival products, and the Auto Bild Allrad tyre test, which featured nine competing tyres. Hankook’s electric vehicle range also drew attention, with the iON evo named Electric Car Tyre of the Year for a third straight year after wins in 2024 and 2025, while the iON FlexClimate received a Commended award in the same category.

Recognition extended across SUV, summer, all-season, winter and super-sport segments. The iON evo SUV won SUV Tyre of the Year, the Ventus Prime4 was Highly Recommended in the Summer Tyre of the Year category, and the iON FlexClimate SUV earned Highly Recommended status among all-season SUV tyres. Commended awards went to the Ventus S1 evo Z in the super-sport category and the Kinergy 4S2 among all-season tyres.

Winter products also featured, with the Winter icept RS3 commended in the Winter Tyre of the Year category and both the Winter icept evo3 and Winter i*cept evo3 X recognised among winter performance tyres. The 11 awards across multiple segments underscore the strength and diversity of Hankook’s UK range, from sports and premium summer tyres to dedicated EV, SUV, all-season and winter solutions.

Complete list of winning tyres from Hankook:

1. Winner – Performance Tyre of the Year: Hankook Ventus evo
2. Winner – SUV Tyre of the Year: Hankook iON evo SUV
3. Winner – Electric Car Tyre of the Year: Hankook iON evo
4. Highly Recommended – Summer Tyre of the Year: Hankook Ventus Prime4
5. Highly Recommended – All-Season SUV Tyre of the Year: Hankook iON FlexClimate SUV
6. Commended – Super-sport Tyre of the Year: Hankook Ventus S1 evo Z
7. Commended – All- Season Tyre of the Year: Hankook Kinergy 4S2
8. Commended – Winter Tyre of the Year: Hankook Winter i*cept RS3
9. Commended – Winter Performance Tyre of the Year: Hankook Winter i*cept evo3
10. Commended – Winter Performance Tyre of the Year: Hankook Winter i*cept evo3 X
11. Commended – Electric Car Tyre of the Year: Hankook iON FlexClimate

Chris Anthony, Managing Director at Tyres & Accessories, Tyrepress and WhatTyre, said, “With 11 tyres winning, being highly recommended or commended in the 2026 WhatTyre Tyre of the Year awards, Hankook is arguably the most successful tyre manufacturing this time round. With hundreds of thousands of tyres in our database and multiple tyre manufacturers competing, that result is a significant achievement – that fact that Hankook's recognition takes place across range of categories that includes everything from all-season SUV tyres to super-sport tyres only serves to underline the point.”

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