It was only many years later that we learnt about the atrocities and the inhuman ways the natives of the Amazon Valley were subjected to by the white barons to develop exporting of natural rubber to Europe to provide the main raw material for the automotive tyre industry which was gradually evolving in to a flourishing industry. The inventing of synthetic rubber in the late 1940s and the development of SBR  due to the short supply of natural rubber from the colonies  in the East to cater for the growing demand for tyres used in the military vehicles during the Second World War and the Korean War is another episode of beyond the border commercial endeavours.

Although the word ‘globalisation’ was coined by Theodore Levitt in 1983 through an article ‘Globalisation of Markets’ which appeared in the Harvard Business Review  (May-June 1983), I feel that we should go way back in the annals of history to get an understanding of the term. This knowledge may not look attractive to the modern business world. Nevertheless, the sociologists and others of similar disciplines will certainly find such knowledge useful in comprehending the modern day socio-economic woes.

Origins of globalisation may possibly be traced back to early human migrations, presumably from the Olduvai George Gorge, a site in Tanzania that holds the earliest evidence of human ancestors. Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another, particularly different countries, with the intent of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location. It typically involves movement over long distances. The driving motive, namely seeking dominance over fellow men and exploiting the natural environment to achieve success, does not seem to have changed over the millions of years.

The emergence of the great civilisations, e.g. Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and their subsequent decline can be attributed to globalisation. Similarly, the invasions and cross-border military conquests of historical fame (or notoriety) such as that of Alexander the Great and colonisation by the West for the exploitation of natural wealth in Asia, Africa and South America reveals an ugly facet of globalisation.

The Silk Route interlinking East Asia and Southeast Asia with South Asia, Persia, the Arabian Peninsula, East Africa and Southern Europe, on the other hand, was central to the economic, political, cultural and religious interactions between these regions form 2nd century BCE to the 18th century.

The industrialisation and expansion of business and commerce across countries during the past 300-plus years was fuelled by the four industrial revolutions, or waves as some prefer to identify them, namely steam power, conveyor system, computers and digitalisation. The process is continuing to the unforeseeable future with new knowledge and innovations fuelling the globalisation.

The multifaceted nature of globalisation has commonly been identified into eight types as shown below:

•           Political Globalisation

•           Social Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Technological Globalisation

•           Financial Globalisation

•           Cultural Globalisation

•           Economic Globalisation

•           Geographical Globalisation

My intention is not to delve in to a discussion about the pros and cons of globalisation, which has been comprehensively documented, but to highlight on some key aspects from this part of the world, especially of the Asian subcontinent.

Knowledge dissemination across border, in my view, is the single most important factor associated with globalisation. This appears common to all the above types of globalisation. The dissemination of the Buddhist doctrine by the great Emperor Asoka to countries spreading from the far East to the Central Asia and Middle East including the present Sri Lanka during 3rd century BCE is one of the earliest recorded instances of globalisation.

Countries with long histories going back to 3,000 to 4,000-plus years, such as India, China and Sri Lanka, possessed a vast knowledge base ingrained in the social consciousness. This appears to have significantly influenced the philosophical and intellectual thought of the Greek and Persian periods. Unfortunately, a major part of this knowledge has been eroded through the influence of the West, which started around the 16th century. One good example of this knowledge found in the ancient irrigation knowledge of Sri Lanka is the engineering  marvel of a gradient of 1 inch per mile in an ancient canal about 87 km long,  built to connect two man-made reservoirs in the 5th century AD. Similarly, India and Sri Lanka possessed a vast indigenous knowledge base in medicine, astrology, architecture, agriculture, irrigation and astrology, and it is somewhat unfortunate that this knowledge has not been adequately globalised. The only significant inroads are seen in tourism. But that too are based on the western norms.

On the other hand, we have acquired a vast knowledge from the industrialised countries on modern management thoughts and technologies which have enabled industrialisation and improvement in living conditions of the populace. In this era of interdependency, a country cannot afford to ignore the technologies which are necessary to maintain a suitable level of competitiveness internationally. However, if this is accomplished at the expense of ignoring the inherent social and cultural foundations, the long-term adverse consequences would be disastrous and unimaginable.

The adverse long-term consequences of the use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides and the global addiction to pharmaceuticals are already seen physically and socially in practically all the countries, especially the so called underdeveloped or developing countries.

The aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic and the irreversible effects of global warming are two examples of globalisation which are affecting the mere sustenance  of mankind.

A country can immensely benefit by striving for stars through adopting modern technologies. However, the absolute importance of a strong base cannot be ignored or taken lightly. Back to a strong base and reinforcing the base lies at the core of sustainable development.

The words of Mahatma Gandhi echoing from the past reaffirm this plain truth in no uncertain terms.

“I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”

“What's past is prologue," a quote from William Shakespeare's ‘The Tempest’ presumes that though history is written, the future is anyone's to decide – with the knowledge gleaned from the past. (TT)

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Apollo Tyres has earned five major industry honours at the JioStar Reimagine Awards 2025–26 and the Abby Awards 2026, recognising the strength of its recent advertising efforts. The company secured three Gold trophies at the JioStar Reimagine Awards for Best Use of Sports Talent, Best Content Integration – TV and Best Use of Multi-Screen Campaigns. It also captured two Bronze awards at the Abby Awards within the Audio Visual – TV category for both the Automotive and Corporate segments.

The acclaimed ‘Har Safar Mein Dum Hai’ campaign, rooted in Apollo Tyres’ ‘Go the Distance’ philosophy, transformed a traditionally low-interest product category into an emotionally compelling narrative. Instead of relying on standard celebrity endorsements, the campaign celebrated perseverance over mere victory and used cricket as a shared cultural connector to build authentic audience bonds.

Leveraging A R Rahman’s enduring anthem ‘Maa Tujhe Salaam’, the campaign was conceptualised by Simran Kanwar and became the fourth most discussed brand during the recent T20 World Cup. It outperformed competitors with triple the advertising spend, earning top honours across content, sports integration, film craft and multi-platform categories through sharp insight and distinctive execution.

Udyan Ghai, Group Head, Marketing, Apollo Tyres Ltd, said, “To see our campaign being celebrated by the industry at the JioStar and Abby Awards is an immensely proud moment for all of us. Winning for 'Har Safar Mein Dum Hai' is a beautiful tribute to our team’s hard work in creating stories that truly move people. It proves that our focus on emotional storytelling, strategic sports associations and multi-platform integration is exactly what resonates with today's audience.”

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Hankook Tire, the exclusive tyre supplier for the FIA World Rally Championship (WRC), has concluded the seventh round of the 2026 season, FORUM8 Rally Japan. Held across the Aichi and Gifu regions, the competition saw Hankook provide its two specialised tarmac rally tyres: the Ventus Z215 for dry surfaces and the Ventus Z210 for damp conditions.

The rally consisted of 20 special stages covering 302.82 kilometres of challenging mountain asphalt. The route featured steep roads lined with cliffs, barriers and dense woodland, offering little room for error and demanding constant driver concentration. Due to the narrow layout with virtually no straight sections, maintaining stable line-holding and precise vehicle control became essential to avoid damage or retirement.

Fluctuating weather conditions, including mountain fog, localised rain and shifting surface temperatures, kept the road surface in constant change. In this environment, tyre performance proved critical, with the Ventus Z215 delivering strong cornering on dry highspeed sections and the Ventus Z210 providing drainage and reliable grip on damp stretches. The event drew intense local interest as the home round for Toyota GAZOO Racing, where Elfyn Evans claimed overall victory, his second win of the season. Evans now leads the Drivers’ Championship with 151 points, followed by teammate Takamoto Katsuta on 131.

The championship now moves to Round 8, the EKO Acropolis Rally Greece, scheduled for 25 to 28 June in Loutraki. Known for its extreme mountain terrain and rough gravel surfaces with temperatures exceeding 40 degrees Celsius, the event will test tyre durability and thermal stability. Since becoming the exclusive WRC tyre supplier for all classes in 2025, Hankook has integrated racing data from over 70 global championships into its research and development to advance its high-performance lineup.

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Comerio Ercole has concluded its participation at INDEX, the premier international nonwovens exhibition in Geneva. The event served as a vital platform to connect with global customers and industry professionals, reinforcing the company’s strong market foothold. Throughout the exhibition, the company showcased cutting-edge technologies and innovative solutions, drawing excellent feedback. The fair facilitated valuable idea exchanges, strengthened longstanding relationships and fostered new international ties, proving an inspiring experience for the entire team.

Parallel to industry engagements, Comerio Ercole is bolstering employee wellbeing through the WHP Lombardia programme. Since 2019, the company has joined this regional initiative following the World Health Organization model. Increasingly investing in environmental, social and governance initiatives, the company has introduced measures to improve health and safety. These efforts have earned renewed recognition as a health-promoting workplace, with programmes including healthy nutrition, physical activity groups, anti-smoking campaigns and sustainable mobility.

Separately, Comerio Ercole recently hosted Istituto Fermi students for an educational visit. The group toured production workshops, observing machinery construction firsthand. A particularly appreciated segment introduced virtual reality systems for training and machine support, where immersive simulations using Oculus headsets demonstrated how new technologies enhance learning and remote maintenance.

The meeting also covered the company’s history and sustainability efforts. For Comerio Ercole, such initiatives build connections with younger generations and inspire future professionals by sharing a passion for engineering excellence. The company extended thanks to the students and teachers for their enthusiasm.

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The Tire Industry Association (TIA) has recognised Michelin North America for a USD 5,000 donation made to the Tire Industry Scholarship programme. The scholarship initiative is administered in partnership with the University of the Aftermarket Foundation and aims to support students pursuing higher education while strengthening the future workforce of the tire and automotive service industries.

Michelin’s contribution places it alongside a growing roster of industry donors, including Bridgestone Americas, Hankook Tire, Kumho Tire, Nitto Tire, Toyo Tire, VIP Tire, Yokohama Tire Corporation and the Tire Industry Association itself. Established with the University of the Aftermarket Foundation, the Tire Industry Scholarship programme provides financial assistance to students and directly addresses workforce development needs within the tyre sector.

TIA continues to encourage companies throughout the tyre industry to support the scholarship fund, helping to expand educational opportunities for future students and secure a skilled talent pipeline for years to come.

Dick Gust, CEO, TIA, said, "We are grateful to Michelin for supporting the Tire Industry Scholarship programme and investing in the future of our industry. Scholarships like these help create opportunities for students while demonstrating our industry's commitment to developing the next generation of leaders, technicians and professionals. The success of this programme depends on industry participation. Every contribution helps us invest in the future of our workforce and create opportunities for students who may one day become the leaders of our industry."

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