Tyre retreading

A population of over 1.4 billion people catapulting into the world’s third largest automobile market with four million trucks plying across a road network of 6.3 million kilometres supported by a USD 13.4 billion tyre market and a mining sector contributing around 2–2.5 percent of the country’s GDP demonstrate the strength of India’s automobile, freight and tyre sectors.

The story doesn’t end there as the Central Government adopts a strategic approach on reducing carbon emissions across these verticals, especially automobile and tyres, with targets such as the Net Zero Carbon Emissions by 2070, battery electric vehicles target by 2030, zero-emission truck corridors, Extended Producer Responsibility for the tyre sector; the list just goes on.

Amidst all such statistics and targets, a silent spectator remains the old and varied sector of tyre retreading. In a recent news story reported by Tyre Trends, the Indian Tyre Technical Advisory Committee (ITTAC) had made a proposal to Tyre Retreading Education Association (TREA) for mandating certain standards that will improve the quality of retreads.  ITTAC has made recommendations to the BIS committee. TREA is part of the same committee. ITTAC and TREA are recommending different standards.

These standards included BIS retread standards, namely IS 15725, IS 15753, IS 15524 and IS 9168. The ITTAC had partially aligned Indian requirements with ECE R109, the European regulatory benchmark.

In a reply to the proposal, which was accessed by Tyre Trends, TREA urged the Indian Tyre Technical Advisory Committee to seek a deferment or non-applicability of BIS standard IS 15704:2018 for retreaded commercial vehicle tyres, warning that mandatory enforcement could cripple the sector.

In the letter, TREA argued that IS 15704:2018 is largely modelled on new tyre manufacturing norms and is technically unsuitable for retreading, which is a restoration and recycling process.

The standard mandates advanced laboratory tests such as spectrometer-based rubber analysis, endurance testing and compound uniformity checks, requirements that most retreading units, particularly small and medium enterprises, are not equipped to meet

The association highlighted that even large retreaders lack the infrastructure and skilled manpower needed for BIS-grade testing, while the sheer number of retreading units would make inspections and certifications operationally unmanageable for regulators.

TREA warned that compliance costs linked to machinery upgrades, audits and quality control could force 70–80 percent of units to shut down, leading to job losses, higher fleet operating costs and adverse environmental outcomes due to reduced recycling

Instead, TREA proposed that BIS prioritise retreading-specific standards such as IS 13531 and IS 15524, which focus on materials, process control, safety and quality consistency.

The body has also called for a phased transition roadmap, MSME support and industry training before any stricter norms are enforced, stressing that abrupt implementation would undermine the sector’s role in India’s circular economy.

The conundrum

India has a total of 36 administrative divisions comprising 28 states and 8 union territories. The tyre retreading sector has been continuously supporting circularity goals since the early 1970s across the world’s largest economy without getting mainstream recognition.

Even after five decades in service, the industry battles different bottlenecks including fragmentation, manpower shortage, tax pressures brought about by the recent GST revisions and now the implementation of such standards, just to name a few.

The sole practice that can simultaneously reduce carbon emissions from tyres and extend tyre life is assumed the nemesis of an ‘infamous and dangerous practice’ in some states of the country.

However, the industry has been drawing its techniques and quality parameters from the world’s oldest retreading economy, Europe.

“Big retreaders in India already have the necessary processes in place that conform to IS 15524 standards. However, as the standard is not yet mandated, we have voiced support for it because it is process-oriented and outlines how retreading should be carried out, including buffing and building procedures,” said TREA Chairman Karun Sanghi.

He added, “This standard focuses on how the work is done rather than imposing product-level testing that cannot be practically implemented. The current debate on IS 15704 stems from it being fundamentally incompatible. The standard includes requirements such as sidewall marking and destructive testing of retreaded tyres, which are impractical in a retreading environment where each tyre differs in brand, size, application and usage history,” he added.

Destructive testing, he argued, assumes uniform batch sizes. In retreading, where every casing is unique, testing even a single tyre would mean destroying finished products without yielding representative results. Applying such a framework would effectively require the destruction of every tyre in a batch, making compliance unviable.

“We have submitted our response to ITTAC and are awaiting feedback from the committee. We remain open to continued dialogue and will engage further once the committee responds to our submission,” said Sanghi.

According to him, a typical retreader processes about 300 tyres a month across multiple brands including MRF, JK Tyre, Apollo and Michelin and applications ranging from buses and trucks to mining vehicles. These casings vary widely in load cycles, operating conditions and duty patterns, often across several models from the same manufacturer.

The committee has cited European standard ECE R109, but Sanghi points to structural differences: “Europe is a global retreading hub where tyre manufacturers such as Michelin and Bridgestone dominate operations, collect their own tyres, retread them and return them to fleets, making batch-based destructive testing relevant. A similar model exists in US, where large tyre companies lead retreading and largely self-regulate without a single overarching standard. The Indian scenario is different, especially with a fragmented market.”

He stressed that the industry is not opposed to standards but to those that cannot be practically applied, warning that adopting European manufacturing-oriented norms without accounting for India’s market structure and operating realities would be counter-productive.

The debate is no longer about whether standards are needed but whether they are fit for purpose. Without accounting for India’s fragmented retreading ecosystem, enforcing impractical norms could dismantle a circular industry in the name of compliance.

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Georgian company Tegeta Motors, through its environmental arm Tegeta Green Planet, recently spearheaded a major cleanup effort by removing roughly 2,000 illegally discarded tyres from a former landfill near the settlement of Giorgitsminda, Georgia. The operation addressed years of unchecked dumping that had endangered local soil, water and community health.

Despite the challenging terrain, the contaminated site was fully cleared within days using the company’s own resources and in strict adherence to safety protocols. All collected tyres are now set to undergo recycling in line with technical regulations, transforming a longstanding environmental hazard into a manageable waste stream.

This initiative reflects the broader mission of Tegeta Green Planet, which operates under the principle of extended producer responsibility (EPR). Beyond simply remediating a single location, the organisation aims to raise public awareness about the severe consequences of uncontrolled automotive waste disposal, ensuring that collection, transport and recycling are carried out lawfully.

The company has a history of such actions, having previously organised similar cleanups in Tbilisi and Bakuriani. With roughly 45 collection points across Georgia, Tegeta Green Planet encourages responsible disposal through its recycling initiative. Authorised in 2022 to manage the national EPR scheme for waste tyres, the organisation has since attracted nearly 350 manufacturers to its collective compliance system.

Shalva Akhvlediani, Director, Tegeta Green Planet, said, "We are delighted that, as part of a joint initiative between Tegeta Motors and Tegeta Green Planet, we have implemented another large-scale project and cleared the contaminated area of car tyres. Such activities significantly reduce the negative impact on the environment, especially considering that the collected waste is recycled in full compliance with technical regulations. We have carried out similar projects many times before. Last year alone, Tegeta Green Planet collected and recycled more than 6,000 tonnes of automotive waste – tyres, batteries and used oil. We are proud that these figures are growing every year, and in this way, we are contributing to the development of a circular economy and environmental protection in our country. We ask our citizens to report any areas contaminated with automotive waste to us. This can be done via the Tegeta Green Planet website or the Tegeta app, and we will respond accordingly.”

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The Alliance for the Future of Tires (AZuR) has expanded its network with the addition of Granuband, a Dutch leader in high-quality tyre recycling, as its newest partner. As a prominent manufacturer of rubber granules, Granuband strengthens AZuR’s mission to advance a sustainable circular economy for tires across Europe through its expertise in material recovery.

Established in 1991, Granuband specialises in the mechanical recycling of end-of-life tyres using state-of-the-art facilities to produce premium rubber granules and powders. These materials are exported globally for use in sports surfaces, infrastructure projects, industrial goods and various technical applications, showcasing the versatility of recycled rubber.

Beyond manufacturing, Granuband plays a critical role in the collection and logistics of used tyres, traditionally focusing on passenger car tyres in the Benelux region. In recent years, the company has expanded its operations to include truck, agricultural and other specialised tyre categories, driven by a longstanding commitment to innovation in technology, logistics and new applications.

Since 2024, Granuband has operated under Circtec, an international firm specialising in advanced tyre pyrolysis. This integration merges Granuband’s mechanical recycling strengths with Circtec’s chemical recovery technology, creating a comprehensive system that recovers nearly all tyre components. Together, they aim to boost recycling rates, optimise raw material use, cut CO₂ emissions and develop new recyclable materials. Granuband’s addition to AZuR notably reinforces the mechanical recycling pillar, a vital component of the circular economy.

Network coordinator Christina Guth said, “With Granuband, we are expanding our network to include an important player in the mechanical recycling of used tyres. High-quality rubber granules are key to closing the material cycle and reducing dependence on primary raw materials.”

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The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. hosted its 12th Panel Discussion on Biodiversity as an online event on 6 March 2026, bringing together a wide range of participants from 121 locations across Japan. This annual gathering serves as a platform for reflecting on the significance of biodiversity conservation. This year’s programme featured a keynote speech by Dr Kaoruko Kurata, a professor at Yokohama National University’s College of Education and Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, titled ‘Creating a Well-Being Society from the Perspective of Biocultural Diversity’. Following her address, the event highlighted the Yokohama Rubber Group’s own conservation efforts, with a lively discussion themed ‘Nature Positive Initiatives through Collaboration between Communities and Companies’ moderated by Dr Tetsuya Kitazawa, Director of Ecology Path Inc. and a lecturer at Edogawa University. The exchange included the company’s employees alongside representatives from local governments, businesses, non-profit organisations, and civic groups.

A central case study presented was the ongoing work at Kameyama Satoyama Park, a Nature Symbiosis Site. Under a support agreement with Kameyama City in Mie Prefecture, Kameyama Bead Company, a tyre bead manufacturing and sales subsidiary of Yokohama Rubber, conducts activities such as removing invasive species and maintaining the park grounds. A city official joined to discuss these efforts, which helped all participants deepen their understanding of practical conservation measures.

Since the adoption of the global nature positive goal at COP15 in December 2022, momentum has grown worldwide, including in Japan. The Yokohama Rubber fully supports this direction and has been an active participant in the TNFD Forum and the 30by30 Alliance for Biodiversity since January 2023. The company advances conservation across its value chain through initiatives like the YOKOHAMA Forever Forest tree-planting events, water quality and biodiversity monitoring and community awareness programmes at its global sites, alongside promoting agroforestry on natural rubber farms. Operating under its sustainability management slogan, Caring for the Future, the company remains committed to creating shared value by addressing social issues through its core business activities.

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Comerio Ercole is all set to make a significant impact on the global stage in April 2026 with its participation in three major industry events – India Rubber Expo (IRE) 2026, Techtextil 2026 and Chinaplas 2026. The exhibitions will be an opportunity for the company to present cutting-edge developments focused on efficiency, sustainability and product quality while strengthening relationships with customers and partners from around the world. Drawing on its extensive heritage in calendering technology, the company will highlight how its advanced, high-performance systems are engineered to meet the rigorous demands of modern production environments.

The first in this series of engagements is the India Rubber Expo, scheduled for 7 to 10 April, where Comerio Ercole will be situated at Booth L-012A. Recognised as Asia’s largest and most significant rubber industry event, this exhibition provides a key opportunity for the company to present its specialised capabilities to the regional and global rubber manufacturing community.

At Techtextil 2026, the premier international fair for technical textiles and nonwovens, scheduled for 21 to 24 April, Comerio Ercole will be located in Hall 12.0 at Stand C41, where it will showcase its latest innovations for the nonwovens sector. Simultaneously, Comerio Ercole will be present at Chinaplas 2026 (21 to 24 April), the world’s leading trade fair for plastics and rubber, occupying Booth 2.1C85. This parallel participation underscores the company’s versatility and its ability to deliver tailored solutions across the technical textiles, plastics and rubber domains.

This busy month comes on the back of a successful presence at the recently held Tire Technology Expo 2026 (3–5 March) in Hannover, Germany. Comerio Ercole won the ‘Tire Manufacturing Innovation of the Year’ award and also managed to clinch a spot as finalist in three additional award categories, highlighting its pervasive leadership and innovative edge in calendering technology.

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