The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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NEXEN TIRE has strengthened its Australian logistics footprint by opening a new distribution centre in Perth, Western Australia’s largest hub city. The move extends the company’s supply network beyond its existing east-coast bases in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane, creating a more comprehensive nationwide distribution system.

The Perth facility is expected to improve product availability for dealers and consumers across Australia. By enhancing local inventory management, NEXEN TIRE aims to shorten logistics lead times and respond more quickly to shifts in market demand, thereby boosting its competitiveness in the fast-growing Australian market.

Beyond logistics, the tyre maker has introduced its Shop Branding programme to Australia, applying a unified visual identity to partner stores through signage, interiors and displays centred on its signature purple. NEXEN TIRE has also continued sports marketing efforts as an official sponsor of A-League club Sydney FC since the 2024/25 season, with the partnership running through the 2026/27 campaign beginning October 16.

Australia remains a strategic market for NEXEN TIRE, with its local subsidiary posting revenue growth of more than 50 percent year-on-year in the first half of this year, more than double the same period in 2024. Combining distribution expansion with locally tailored marketing, the company plans to deepen engagement with Australian consumers, drawing on expertise gained from supplying original equipment tyres to global premium automakers.

John Bosco (Hyeon Suk) Kim, CEO, NEXEN TIRE, said, "With the opening of this distribution centre, we have secured a foundation to supply our products more reliably beyond the east coast. We will strengthen both our distribution network and brand marketing to continue expanding our presence in the Australian market."

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TyreSafe, UK’s leading tyre safety charity, has entered into a new partnership with Mission Zero, a prominent quality standard within the road fleet sector. The collaboration is designed to help organisations enhance compliance, lower risk and advance shared goals for safer, cleaner and more responsible road transport.

Mission Zero offers a structured framework for fleets pursuing zero collisions, emissions and prohibitions, centred on a comprehensive legal compliance audit alongside recognised industry best practice. Its credentials are formally acknowledged across major infrastructure and transport programmes, including Transport for London’s Work-Related Road Risk requirements, HS2, Sizewell C, National Highways and CLOCS.

TyreSafe already collaborates with several of these bodies, including National Highways and CLOCS, reinforcing tyre safety’s place within broader fleet safety and compliance efforts. Its expertise has likewise gained national recognition, featuring in the government’s developing approach to work-related road safety and the creation of a National Work-Related Road Safety Charter.

Under the partnership, the two organisations will jointly assist fleet operators in recognising how effective tyre management supports safer vehicles, stronger compliance and reduced occupational road risk. Combining expertise, resources and industry engagement, they aim to help organisations build safer fleets, prevent incidents and foster a more sustainable road transport future, reflecting TyreSafe’s ongoing commitment to collaboration across the transport, enforcement and fleet sectors and to keeping tyre safety central to the journey towards Vision Zero.

Nick Caesari, CEO, Mission Zero, said, “Tyre safety is a fundamental part of managing risk within any fleet operation. Mission Zero is focused on helping organisations move beyond compliance and adopt a proactive approach to safety, and working with TyreSafe allows us to strengthen the guidance and support available to operators. Together, we can help businesses understand the important role that safe, well-maintained tyres play in preventing incidents and achieving their wider road safety goals.”

Stuart Lovatt, Chairman, TyreSafe, said, “We are pleased to partner with Mission Zero and support its ambition to help organisations achieve higher standards across fleet safety. Tyres are one of the most important safety-critical components on any vehicle, yet they are often overlooked as part of wider compliance and risk management strategies. By working with Mission Zero, we can help more operators recognise that effective tyre management is a vital part of achieving safer fleets and reducing work-related road risk.”

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Kuraray America, Inc. (KAI) demonstrated its community commitment through volunteer service and financial support at the 77th annual Pasadena Livestock Show & Rodeo. The Kuraray Foundation of America (KFA), a 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation, contributed USD 5,000 to the event, funding local youth programmes.

Over the rodeo's nine-day run, eleven KAI employees dedicated more than 350 volunteer hours to health, safety and security operations. Leveraging their professional expertise, these volunteers identified and mitigated onsite risks, staffed the medical tent and worked behind the scenes to ensure a safe, well-organised experience for all attendees.

Beyond safety duties, KAI volunteers supported interactive educational exhibits highlighting the connections between industry, agriculture, and sustainability. These displays allowed families to explore the farm-to-table journey and understand how various industries contribute along the way. The rodeo's fundraising efforts extend far beyond the event itself, supporting college scholarships, livestock show awards, calf scramble programmes and other agricultural education opportunities for local students.

For KFA, the sponsorship represented more than financial backing – it was a chance to invest time, expertise and resources in an organisation dedicated to the Pasadena community throughout the year. KAI expressed gratitude to the rodeo for welcoming its team and recognised volunteers David Solo, Calvin Balch, Alex Berry, Dwight Brunner, Matt Callas, Eric McDaniel, Miguel Pompa, Zachary Reynolds, Chase Stewart, Richard Bass and Tyler Free for their service, reflecting the company's dedication to being an active partner in the communities where its employees live and work.

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Yokohama India has introduced a locally manufactured variant of its GEOLANDAR A/T tyre featuring Outline White Letter sidewall styling for sports utility vehicles (SUVs). The 15-inch tyres are produced at the company's manufacturing plant in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, following a transition from importing the product line.

The GEOLANDAR A/T tyre in 15-inch size is designed for fitment on utility models including the Maruti Suzuki Jimny and Mahindra Bolero. The white-lettering option is currently available in two sizes, with Yokohama India planning to expand local production to include 16-inch to 18-inch tyre sizes in 2027.

Gaurav Mahajan, Head of Marketing and OE Sales, Yokohama India, said, "For today’s SUV owner, driving is increasingly part of a broader motoring lifestyle, where the vehicle reflects a sense of individuality, adventure and personal expression. The GEOLANDAR A/T is designed to complement that mindset, bringing a more distinctive and rugged character to the vehicle. It is for enthusiasts who see their SUV as more than a means of getting from one place to another, and want every element of it to reflect their passion for the road and the lifestyle that comes with it."

The introduction forms part of Yokohama's strategy to expand domestic manufacturing capabilities in India and cater to local demand for utility vehicle accessories and components.

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