The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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Infiniteria has appointed Proman as its Engineering, Procurement and Construction partner for a circular tyre recycling facility in Uddevalla, Sweden. This collaboration marks a decisive move towards establishing what the company describes as Europe’s leading circular tyre recycling business, with the Uddevalla site serving as the cornerstone for a future network of industrial-scale plants across the continent.

The company specialises in transforming end-of-life tyres into high-value recovered materials, aiming to accelerate the transition to a more resilient circular economy. The Uddevalla facility stands as Infiniteria’s flagship project and represents the initial phase of a broader European expansion strategy.

Committed offtake agreements are already in place with major customers including Preem, Nokian Tyres and Michelin, underscoring strong industrial demand for the recovered materials.

Kajsa Ryttberg-Wallgren, CEO, Infiniteria, said, “Bringing Proman on board as our partner is a major step forward for Uddevalla. They have a proven track record in delivering complex industrial plants, and the discipline and capability they bring mark a decisive step towards starting operations. We are fully committed to Uddevalla as the long-term home of our flagship facility, to our customers and to building Europe’s leading circular tyre recycling business.”

Francisco Carlos, Managing Director, Proman Portugal, said, “We appreciate the confidence and trust placed in Proman by Infiniteria as we take on the role of Engineering, Procurement and Construction partner in the Uddevalla project. Proman brings strong global expertise and experience to the project, including project management, engineering, procurement, construction and commissioning of complex industrial facilities. We look forward to working with Infiniteria to progress the Uddevalla project towards successful completion.”

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Tyres Europe has released replacement tyre sales data for the first quarter of 2026, with the industry showing early signs of recovery according to an assessment by Secretary General Adam McCarthy. The figures from member companies reveal that consumer tyre segments, including passenger car, SUV and light commercial vehicle categories, rose by one percent compared to the first quarter of 2025. This modest growth follows a weak performance across the previous year.

McCarthy noted that the recovery was uneven across different tyre types. All Season tyres continued their strong momentum with a five percent increase, driven by consumer demand for year-round versatility, while summer tyres slipped by one percent as they lost further ground to all season alternatives. Winter tyres posted a sharp decline of 14 percent, which the Secretary General attributed to mild weather conditions across much of Europe. Members’ sales significantly outpaced imports, which were impacted by European produced tyres and possible regulatory action. Travel demand remained subdued during the quarter, with higher fuel prices linked to the Middle East conflict affecting the market from March.

Other segments reflected a mixed landscape. Truck and bus tyres edged up one percent, supported by improved freight activity and business sentiment before recent geopolitical developments and rising fuel costs created uncertainty. Agricultural tyres declined 11 percent amid continued caution in farm investment. In contrast, the moto and scooter tyre segment recorded a more positive six percent gain, according to the Tyres Europe report.

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Hankook Tire & Technology reported a sharp rise in first-quarter operating profit, supported by stronger sales of electric vehicle tyres and replacement tyres across key markets including Europe, Korea and China.

The South Korean tyre maker said consolidated revenue for the three months to March reached USD 3.63 billion, up 7 percent from a year earlier, while operating profit rose 42.9 per cent to USD 345.9 million.

Sales in the group’s tyre business increased 9.3 percent year-on-year to USD 1.75 billion. Operating profit in the division rose 31.1 percent to USD 298.6 million, representing an operating margin of 17.1 percent.

The company said demand for original equipment tyres supplied to electric vehicle and hybrid models, alongside higher replacement tyre sales, supported performance despite continued uncertainty linked to tariffs and elevated oil prices.

Hankook Tire said tyres measuring 18 inches and above accounted for 49.1 percent of total passenger car and light truck tyre sales in the quarter, up 2 percentage points from a year earlier. Electric vehicle tyres represented 29.6 percent of original equipment passenger car and light truck tyre sales, an increase of 6.6 percentage points year-on-year.

The company expanded original equipment tyre supply during the quarter for both internal combustion engine and electric vehicle models produced by Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Ford.

Hankook Tire said it currently supplies original equipment tyres to about 50 automotive brands across roughly 300 vehicle models, including Porsche.

The company also continued to expand its iON electric vehicle tyre range, which now covers about 300 specifications from 16-inch to 22-inch tyres.

Its thermal management subsidiary Hanon Systems reported first-quarter sales of USD 1.88 billion, up 5 percent year-on-year, while operating profit rose more than fourfold to USD 66.3 million.

Hankook Tire said it continued to expand production capacity at its Tennessee plant in the US and its Hungary facility in Europe as part of efforts to strengthen global supply capabilities.

The company said it aims to raise the proportion of high-inch tyres to 51 percent and electric vehicle tyres to more than 33 percent of passenger car and light truck original equipment tyre sales.

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Hankook Tire, the exclusive tyre supplier to the ABB FIA Formula E World Championship, supported all competitors during the 2026 Hankook Berlin E-Prix. The double-header at Tempelhof Airport Street Circuit featured Hankook’s iON Race tyre, which was pushed to its limits by the venue’s rough concrete surface and a fast, 15-corner layout. Rounds 7 and 8 of Season 12 unfolded across two days on the 2.374-kilometre anticlockwise circuit, where tyre preservation and energy efficiency became critical success factors.

The abrasive concrete apron at Tempelhof forced drivers to carefully manage degradation, while the Turn 2 ATTACK MODE zone added a recurring strategic puzzle. Hankook’s iON Race rubber delivered steady grip and predictable handling as track conditions shifted between Saturday and Sunday. The double header demanded consistent tyre behaviour, with teams adjusting to changing rubber build up and surface temperatures over the two race days.

Nico Müller secured his first Formula E victory in Round 7, holding off Nick Cassidy and Oliver Rowland through disciplined energy management. In Round 8, Mitch Evans produced a remarkable comeback from last on the grid, passing Oliver Rowland and Pascal Wehrlein with a late decisive move to take the win. Both performances highlighted the tyre’s balance of durability and performance under racing stress.

Off track, the Berlin weekend drew large crowds to Hankook’s Fan Village, where interactive displays featured iON tyres on electric vehicles. The brand also partnered with DS Automobiles to debut the DS N°7 model. Following the Tempelhof races, the Formula E season now heads to Monaco for the next rounds on 16 and 17 May.

Manfred Sandbichler, Senior Director of Hankook Motorsport, said, "The Berlin double-header confirmed the resilience of the iON Race under some of the most demanding surface conditions in Formula E. Running two races at Tempelhof provided valuable insight into how the tyre responds to sustained abrasion across a full race weekend. The competitive racing and strategic variation across both days reflected the tyre’s ability to operate within a broad performance window, and these insights will support ongoing development alongside the championship."

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