The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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Michelin has introduced its first tyre engineered specifically for the new generation of wide body trucks, bringing its established safety and performance standards to a segment traditionally served by Tier-3 products. The MICHELIN XDR Wide Body Truck is positioned as a premium offering for mining fleets, built to handle high loads and speeds while delivering robustness and puncture resistance in demanding mining environments.

Wide body trucks are gaining global traction in mining because they strike an appealing balance among payload capacity, safety and acquisition cost. Michelin developed and launched the new fitment in under two years by combining intensive field analysis with agility, responding to mining customers’ needs for safety and productivity. The tyre also supports fleets moving towards more efficient and increasingly electrified haulage solutions, addressing demands for safety, productivity and operating cost control.

Safety remains paramount in mining, where a tyre failure can seriously affect personnel, equipment and operational continuity. The new tyre therefore features an innovative casing fully reinforced with thick steel cords, enabling it to carry 12 tonnes (26,786 lbs) per tyre at a recommended pressure of 9-bar (130 PSI) – significantly lower than typical market recommendations, which helps reduce blowout risk.

The MICHELIN XDR Wide Body Truck sustains heavy loads at continuous speeds, supporting productivity during intensive duty cycles. It offers strong traction, particularly on soft or muddy ground, while its robust tread compound resists damage, provides excellent grip and extends service life, optimising total cost of ownership. These qualities help cut unplanned downtime and maintenance costs, improve equipment availability and maximise material haulage volumes. The tyre launches worldwide in its first size, 16.00 R25, on 1 November 2026, with additional sizes to follow.

Kevin Maleterre, Director – Michelin Beyond Road, said, “Wide body trucks are playing an increasingly important role in mining operations. With the MICHELIN XDR Wide Body Truck, we are applying our expertise in mining applications to this new generation of vehicles, with a clear aim: to help our customers combine safety, productivity and the development of their fleets.”

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Tegeta Green Planet recently participated in youth forums held across five Georgian cities – Mestia, Telavi, Gori, Kutaisi and Zugdidi – as part of the Eco Awards School Competition. The events gave young people a platform to exchange knowledge on environmental issues, explore new ideas and discuss green initiatives.

Alongside the discussions, display areas devoted to Tegeta Green Planet and Amboli introduced visitors to the two organisations' work, their approach to handling waste and their sense of environmental duty. Guests stopping by the Tegeta Green Planet section heard about the company's core operations, the thinking behind Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) and why the circular economy matters.

A varied programme kept participants engaged, with educational games and hands-on exercises built to sharpen their grasp of environmental questions and push them to put what they learned into practice. International specialists and invited speakers also addressed the forums, drawing on their own experience to examine ecological difficulties and possible remedies.

Organised to deepen environmental consciousness among the young and advance sustainable development, the Eco Awards School Competition drew 280 pupils and 100 teachers from 24 public schools throughout Georgia. It operates with backing from the European Union and the United Nations through the Circular Economy Promotion Programme. For Tegeta Green Planet, reaching young audiences is central to building a lasting sense of responsibility, with sound waste practices, resource reuse and circular economy principles at the heart of its efforts to drive long-term change.

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Discount Tire has released a new list of the longest-lasting light truck and SUV tyres, drawing on tyre life data from Treadwell, the company's tyre recommendation tool available to all consumers. Treadwell is powered by millions of real-world tyre mileage and tread depth readings along with independent testing at Treadwell Research Park.

The list identifies 10 tyre models for light truck and SUV drivers that exceed a 70,000-mile median lifespan under normal driving conditions. Every tyre carrying a listed limited treadwear warranty also surpasses its manufacturer warranty by more than 10,000 miles.

According to the U.S. Department of Transportation, American drivers average 13,400 miles per year. On top-performing tyres, a light truck or SUV owner could gain an extra year or more before needing a tyre change. Treadwell's aggregated lifespan figures reflect drivers who properly maintain their tyres, including regular rotations and wheel alignments, with median values collected to 2/32-inch tread – generally considered, and in some states legally mandated as, the minimum viable tread depth. Actual results may vary based on driving location and habits, such as regular highway or all-terrain use.

Discount Tire developed Treadwell using decades of data and independent testing to deliver a hassle-free tool offering personalised tyre recommendations based on where, what and how drivers drive. More than 20 million people used Treadwell online and in stores in the past year.

Dr John Baldwin, Chief Product and Technical Strategist, Discount Tire, said, "If you're driving a light truck or SUV and prioritise getting additional miles of safe driving out of your tyres, Treadwell can be a source of unbiased advice. Our goal is always to be there for our customers when and where they need tyres, which is why Treadwell is available online and used each day in our stores to empower drivers to find the best tyres for their vehicle."

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Plaza Tire Service, a prominent tyre and automotive service provider in the Midwest and member of the Sun Auto Network, has expanded its footprint with a new store in Mattoon, Illinois. The addition strengthens the company's presence in the state and offers drivers throughout Central Illinois improved access to trusted tyre and vehicle maintenance services.

The Mattoon location provides motorists with a convenient destination for tyres, preventive maintenance and automotive repair. Customers can choose from an extensive inventory of leading tyre brands while accessing a full range of services, including oil changes, brake service, batteries, alignments, steering and suspension repair and other routine maintenance.

Plaza Tire Service emphasises selection, convenience and value through its Price Match Guarantee and signature 4 Tires in 1 Hour Guarantee, with broad in-stock inventory available for same-day installation. Founded in Missouri in 1963, the company has become one of the Midwest's largest tyre and automotive service providers, operating across five states while combining regional heritage with the resources of the more than 600-location Sun Auto Network.

Rob Kingery, Regional Vice President, Sun Auto Tire & Service, said, "We're excited to bring Plaza Tire Service to Mattoon and introduce more drivers to the convenience, value and trusted service that have defined our brand for more than 60 years. This location allows us to serve the community with the tyre expertise, same-day service and comprehensive automotive care that customers have come to expect from Plaza Tire Service."

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