The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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Linglong Tire hosted legendary Brazilian full-back Roberto Carlos at its headquarters in Zhaoyuan from 14 to 16 August 2026. The Real Madrid official ambassador’s visit included high-level meetings with the tyre manufacturer’s senior management, alongside engagements with key clients and commercial partners. His itinerary featured a comprehensive tour of the company’s primary production facility and an in-depth briefing on its smart manufacturing systems.

The former Real Madrid star explored the firm’s research and development centre and evaluated the Sino-Asia test track, recognised as China’s largest and most advanced proving ground. Carlos expressed considerable admiration for the facility’s professionalism and scale, particularly noting the colossal 63-inch off-the-road tyre displayed at the headquarters. His schedule also included a panel discussion with Linglong Chairman Wang Feng and CEO Lingkun ‘Andy’ Zhou.

Linglong Tire has served as Real Madrid’s Global Tire Partner since 2024, a commitment that extends into the 2026/2027 season. The partnership is activated as the nine-time European champions prepare for their La Liga opener against Real Sociedad at the Santiago Bernabeu on 26 August. As part of the agreement, the Linglong brand secures prominent visibility on the stadium’s digital perimeter boards for all domestic league and cup fixtures.

Additional sponsorship benefits include logo placement on partner boards and the official club website, along with VIP hospitality packages. The collaboration also features advertisements in Real Madrid’s digital and print publications, television spots on the club’s official channel and extensive integration into the club’s media activities, solidifying Linglong’s presence within the Spanish giants’ commercial framework.

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The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. has announced the presentation of findings from an international joint research project for developing technologies to prevent and control rubber tree leaf fall diseases. Lead researcher Minami Matsui delivered a public lecture on 1 August, addressing the global history of rubber trees and collaborative measures against Leaf Fall Disease, which has significantly reduced production in affected regions.

Yokohama Rubber participates as a cooperating corporation in this initiative, which aims to achieve sustainable natural rubber production through disease management. The project has been selected under the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development programme, jointly implemented by the Japan Science and Technology Agency and the Japan International Cooperation Agency, with support from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. This international effort unites Japanese and Indonesian institutions, focusing on Indonesia as the world's second-largest natural rubber producer, where Leaf Fall Disease has severely curtailed output. The research targets smallholder farmers, who account for over 90 percent of the nation's production, by utilising pesticides to combat the disease.

Minami Matsui (left) and co-researcher Emiko Kurihara, Assistant Professor at Keio University

Since the project launched in 2020, research has progressed from pesticide screening to field evaluations at institutional test farms and corporate plantations, and then to smallholder farm assessments beginning in September 2025. Throughout each phase, Yokohama Rubber has investigated pesticide residues in natural rubber latex and evaluated their effects on rubber properties, confirming that proper application does not compromise quality. All field evaluations have demonstrated the selected pesticides' effectiveness, and the project is now advancing towards the practical phase, including securing pesticide registration for Indonesian use.

This research aligns with Yokohama Rubber's Procurement Policy for Sustainable Natural Rubber, which includes supporting small-scale farmers. The company also participates as an official partner in another SATREPS project focused on utilising rubber seeds for green products to address global warming and plastic pollution.

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NEXEN TIRE is intensifying its transition to renewable energy across its domestic manufacturing facilities, marking a significant step in its long-term sustainability strategy. The company is advancing this effort through a combination of external power purchase agreements and the expansion of on-site solar generation at its Yangsan and Changnyeong plants.

A key component of this initiative involves a Direct Power Purchase Agreement (DPPA) inked with SK Innovation E&S, which allows the tyre manufacturer to secure renewable electricity directly from producers via a long-term contract. Beginning in November, the Yangsan plant will receive approximately four megawatts of onshore wind and solar power, with an anticipated yearly output of six gigawatt-hours. This supply is expected to cut annual greenhouse gas emissions by an estimated 2,700 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent.

Parallel to the DPPA, NEXEN TIRE is bolstering its self-generation capabilities. Rooftop solar systems at the Changnyeong facility, currently under lease, will be transitioned to company-owned generation as leases expire, targeting a total capacity exceeding 10 megawatts by 2028. This shift will convert roughly 9 percent of the plant’s electricity use to renewable sources, while the Yangsan plant is also evaluating similar proprietary solar installations.

Given its substantial presence in Europe and its role as an original equipment supplier to premium automakers, NEXEN TIRE faces increasing pressure from clients to lower production-related emissions. The company has already secured Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) validation for its goal to reduce Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 58.8 percent from a 2023 baseline by 2034, reinforcing that environmental performance is now a critical competitive factor in its key markets.

John Bosco (Hyeon Suk) Kim, CEO, NEXEN TIRE, said, "The shift to renewable energy is not merely a response to regulations but a strategic investment to secure sustainable competitiveness in the global market. We will continue to expand the adoption of renewable energy across our production sites both in Korea and abroad in a phased manner."

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Nokian Tyres has achieved a significant milestone in the 2026 S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA), securing a total score of 80 points. This evaluation examines sustainability factors that are critical to long-term corporate performance, with a strong emphasis on risk management, organisational adaptability and overall resilience. The company views this result as a clear validation of its strategic approach.

The assessment awarded the tyre manufacturer perfect scores in several key categories, including Climate Risk Management, Raw Materials Programs, Information Security Policy and Human Rights Mitigation and Remediation. Company leadership has acknowledged that this accomplishment is rooted in the deep integration of sustainable practices across daily operations, product innovation and long-term value generation.

Nokian Tyres also stressed that responsible expansion relies heavily on collaborative efforts with employees and partners, reinforcing that sustainable decisions are fundamental to building resilience in a rapidly evolving global environment.

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