The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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CEAT Limited has incorporated a step-down subsidiary in Germany, marking an extension of its overseas corporate structure.

The BSE-listed tyre maker said it had received a certificate of registration on 20^th April  for the incorporation of CEAT GmbH, a wholly owned step-down subsidiary set up with a capital of €25,000.

The subsidiary is held entirely through a wholly owned arm of CEAT Limited, giving the parent company indirect 100 percent ownership.

The company stated that CEAT GmbH would operate in the automotive tyres and related products segment, including tubes, tracks, flaps and ancillary activities.

As the entity has been newly incorporated, no turnover figures are available.

CEAT said the subsidiary qualifies as a related party, although promoters and group companies have no direct interest in it beyond its status as a step-down subsidiary.

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NEXEN TIRE has unveiled a major marketing push across United States designed to lift brand visibility among everyday drivers and sports fans alike. The initiative merges high-profile sports arena placements with hands-on retail strategies, aiming to reach consumers through stadium screens, in-store displays and moving advertisements. Company officials see this broad approach as a key step in deepening connections with the American market, which remains the world’s largest for tyre sales.

A central piece of the effort involves digital LED advertising inside nine Major League Baseball stadiums spread across four different US regions, ensuring exposure to both live crowds and television audiences. The company has also purchased commercial time on more than 10 sports networks to stretch its national reach. Beyond baseball, NEXEN TIRE will extend its existing sponsorship of the National Hockey League’s Anaheim Ducks, adding ribbon boards and exterior billboards at the team’s home rink and training facility.

On the retail side, the manufacturer is placing banner and digital advertisements at over 3,000 locations throughout North America, including major big-box chains and specialised tyre stores. A separate truckside advertising campaign will put branded wraps on delivery vehicles operated by key dealer partners, turning highways and local roads into moving billboards. The North American region already generates 22 percent of NEXEN TIRE’s total revenue, a figure representing roughly 40 percent growth since 2021, with larger diameter tyres of 18 inches and above now accounting for half of all regional sales due to rising demand for trucks, SUVs and premium vehicles.

The company has further strengthened its position by broadening its retail distribution network, launching new tyre models, attending industry gatherings like the SEMA Show and hosting test drive events for dealers. With this latest brand investment, NEXEN TIRE expects to accelerate its growth trajectory and lock in a more permanent presence across the North American market.

Brian (Yoonseok) Han, CEO, Nexen Tire America, said, "The core of this strategy is making NEXEN TIRE a natural part of American consumers' everyday lives, from stadiums to stores to the roads they drive on each day. By combining sports marketing with retail activation in a comprehensive campaign, we expect to accelerate growth in the North American market."

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Dunlop Tire Corporation (DUNLOP) has entered a strategic partnership with the International Auto Film Festa (IAFF), now in its fourth year as a global hub for automotive cinema. All future references to the event from 2026 onward will carry the title ‘International Auto Film Festa - Powered by DUNLOP’, marking a significant branding shift.

The Tokyo-based festival has quickly become a unique cultural celebration blending automobiles, filmmaking and creativity. Filmmakers worldwide are invited to submit original short films of up to 15 minutes, covering car culture, cinematography, animation, artificial intelligence and motorsport. As the official title partner, Dunlop will help expand the festival’s international footprint, rooted in shared values of innovation, performance and storytelling.

All 12 judges have already cast their votes for this year’s winners. The award ceremony and party for the International Auto Film Festa - Powered by DUNLOP will take place on 25 April in Tokyo’s Roppongi district.

Yoshiyuki Shimizu, Founder, IAFF, said, “We are truly honoured to welcome Dunlop, a global brand, as our title partner. IAFF is not merely a short movie competition but a new cultural platform where automobiles and cinema merge. With Dunlop's strong support, we are confident that, together with creators and their works from around the world, we can vividly portray the future of automotive culture from Japan, a major automotive nation.”

Akito Makino President and CEO, Dunlop Tire Corporation, said, “Dunlop supports the International Auto Film Festa, which aims to showcase the appeal and potential of automotive culture through film, and has decided to sponsor this film festival. As a company that supports the evolution of mobility and the emotions of people, we will continue to contribute to the development of diverse values and culture surrounding automobiles.”

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Pirelli has announced a technical update for the Moto2 class ahead of the World Championship’s European season opener this weekend in Jerez de la Frontera, Spain. The Italian tyre manufacturer will supply riders with a new rear development tyre designated F0192. This specification shares the same structural design as the existing supersoft SCX but introduces an alternative compound aimed at enhancing wear resistance and delivering more consistent performance over race distances.

Following its initial rollout at the United States Grand Prix, the standard supersoft SCX remains available for this round, enabling Moto2 competitors to conduct a direct back‑to‑back comparison with the new compound variant. Both rear supersoft options may be paired with the standard soft SC1 and medium SC2 front tyres. With the addition of the development tyre, each intermediate class rider will have access to up to ten rear tyres across the weekend.

For the Moto3 category, the championship’s entry class will rely on proven, reliable solutions. Riders will use the soft SC1 and medium SC2 compounds for both front and rear positions. These specifications have a successful track record in Jerez, as demonstrated last year when José Antonio Rueda claimed victory with a medium SC2 front and a soft SC1 rear.

Giorgio Barbier, Pirelli Motorcycle Racing Director, said, “On the occasion of the Spanish GP, scheduled for this weekend at the Circuito de Jerez - Ángel Nieto, we have decided to provide Moto2™ riders with a new rear development specification, the F0192. Compared to the standard supersoft SCX, it retains the same structure but features a new compound. This solution should improve wear while also delivering more consistent performance over race distance.

“The Jerez circuit is an excellent testing ground for evaluating new soft solutions, as it does not have highly abrasive asphalt and, at this time of year, temperatures are usually warm enough to allow the use of particularly soft options. In addition to this new solution, riders will of course also have access to the standard SCX, enabling a direct comparison between the two tyres under the same track and weather conditions, providing us with the most accurate feedback possible. The supersoft was already used as a race tyre last year and proved well suited to the characteristics of this circuit, so it is simply a matter of understanding which of the two alternatives will be preferred by the riders.”

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