The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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The Tire Industry Project (TIP) has announced the selection of five research proposals under its inaugural Open Call for Projects (OCP), awarding nearly USD 2 million in total funding. This initiative, designed to advance the global scientific understanding of tyre wear emissions and their mitigation, also coincides with the launch of a second funding round focused on ecological impacts.

The first OCP, which concluded in late 2024, attracted 22 submissions over a four-month period. An evaluation committee composed of TIP experts and external technical assessors selected the five awardees based on stringent criteria, including scientific relevance, methodological feasibility, innovation and potential societal impact. Three of the chosen projects will advance research into the environmental pathways and presence of tyre wear particles. These are led by institutions including Germany’s Technical University Darmstadt, which will map pollution in roadside soils; France’s Gustave Eiffel University, investigating particles in sewer systems and the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, developing a new high-throughput method for detecting particles.

The remaining two projects are focused on developing practical mitigation solutions. Washington State University will research using tyre char to treat stormwater runoff, while the non-profit Ocean Conservancy will evaluate the effectiveness of green infrastructure in urban areas to capture tyre wear pollution.

Concurrently, TIP has launched its 2025 Open Call for Projects, which will specifically address significant knowledge gaps concerning the potential ecological impacts of tyre wear emissions, including chemicals and leachates. This new focus is informed by TIP’s recent State of Knowledge paper series, which highlighted inconsistencies in the current scientific understanding. To support prospective applicants, TIP will host introductory webinars on 23 September 2025. The final deadline for proposal submissions to this global collaborative initiative is 15 January 2026.

Larisa Kryachkova, Executive Director, TIP, said, “The topic of tyre wear emissions is extremely complex – one that requires deep, evidence-based investigation and cross-stakeholder collaboration. Recognising this, we decided to complement our own research and mitigation initiatives by launching the Open Call for Projects, inviting stakeholders across the world to join us in the quest to uncover this multi-dimensional subject. The initiative reflects our long-term commitment to building a collaborative research ecosystem through public platforms. The OCP takes us one step forward in harnessing the collective brainpower of the scientific community and we look forward to evolving this further in the coming years.”

Dr John Bucher, part of TIP’s Assurance Group and a member of the OCP evaluation committee, said, “Sound science and robust evidence are essential to assessing the environmental challenges we face and to identifying the most effective solutions. Initiatives such as the OCP can act as a tremendous catalyst in this regard, opening a new world of possibilities. We are pleased with the diversity and quality of submissions received, which reaffirms the strong interest in this topic and the desire to engage in collaborative solutions.”

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Bridgestone Americas has introduced the new Alenza Prestige, a premium highway tyre designed for crossover utility vehicles (CUVs), sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and light trucks. This latest model integrates the company’s next-generation ENLITEN Technology to deliver a combination of luxury, performance and durability. A key feature is its extended limited mileage warranty, which offers coverage for up to 70,000 miles (approximately 112,654 km).

The tyre is engineered to provide a quiet and comfortable driving experience. This is achieved through QuietTrack Technology, an innovation designed to minimise tread pattern noise, and a wide centre rib that contributes to both a whisper-quiet ride and responsive handling. The use of advanced structural components and specialised compounds, including PeakLife Polymer, ensures the Alenza Prestige offers superior, long-lasting performance and an enhanced ride quality over its predecessor.

Significant improvements have been made in wet-weather safety. Testing demonstrates that the new Alenza Prestige stops six feet shorter than the Continental TrueContact Tour and eight feet shorter than the previous Bridgestone Alenza AS Ultra, representing a four percent and six percent advantage in wet stopping distance, respectively. This enhanced braking performance is intended to give drivers greater confidence and control during rainy conditions.

Available for purchase in 47 sizes to fit wheel diameters from 16 to 22 inches, the tyre accommodates a wide range of popular vehicles, including models from Acura, Audi, BMW, GMC, Lexus and Mercedes-Benz. The development of the Alenza Prestige also reflects Bridgestone’s broader E8 Commitment, specifically supporting the company’s values of Ecology, Extension and Ease.

Dale Harrigle Chief Engineer, Tyre Development, Bridgestone Americas, said, “The all-new Alenza Prestige premium highway tyre is for drivers who want a long-lasting, elegant and comfortable ride without compromising on consistent wet-weather performance. We designed it with rolling resistance technology for impressive fuel efficiency and a remarkable balance of performance and sustainability elements that match the qualities of premium CUVs, SUVs and trucks.”

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Apollo Tyres Ltd has announced a comprehensive price reduction across its entire product portfolio, effective from 22 September 2025. This strategic decision is a direct response to and aligned with the recent fiscal reforms enacted by the GST Council, which approved a substantial reduction in the Goods and Services Tax (GST) rates for the tyre industry.

The revised tax structure slashes the levy on new pneumatic tyres from a previous rate of 28 percent down to 18 percent. In a more pronounced reduction aimed at supporting the agricultural community, the GST on tractor tyres and tubes has been lowered to just five percent. The company has emphasised its commitment to ensuring that the full benefit of these tax cuts is passed through directly to the end consumer, reflecting a customer-centric approach to the policy change.

Apollo Tyres' subsequent price adjustment will be applied universally across all its product lines. This includes tyres for passenger cars, commercial vehicles, two-wheelers and off-highway and agricultural vehicles. The broad-based price cut is anticipated to have a widespread positive impact on vehicle ownership and operational expenses. To guarantee a smooth and uniform transition to the new pricing model across the country, Apollo Tyres has already initiated a coordinated effort with its extensive network of distributors and retail partners, ensuring the revised prices are effectively communicated and implemented at all points of sale.

Rajesh Dahiya, Vice President – Commercial (India, SAARC and Southeast Asia), Apollo Tyres Ltd, said, “We welcome the GST Council’s progressive decision, which will bring tangible benefits to both the industry and end-users. In keeping with our commitment to transparency and customer value, we are transferring 100 percent of the tax benefits to our consumers.”

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Fuelled by robust domestic vehicle production, aftermarket demand and a surge in automotive exports, India's tyre industry is poised for transformative growth. A joint vision from the Automotive Tyre Manufacturers’ Association (ATMA) and PwC India projects that by 2047, production volumes could quadruple, while revenue is expected to multiply 12-fold to an estimated INR 13 trillion. This exponential financial expansion will be driven by a shift in the industry's revenue mix towards more premium products, rising raw material costs, a growing export share, the transition to electric vehicles and the emergence of servitisation models.

To achieve this ambitious vision, a strategic framework termed CHARGE has been proposed. This approach focuses on six critical levers: enhancing Customer relevance, upholding high-quality standards, fostering adaptability, building resilience through resource efficiency, driving growth via innovation and empowering strategic alliances. The framework is designed to help tyre manufacturers become more agile, customer-centric and technologically advanced to improve operational efficiency and global competitiveness.

Domestic growth will be primarily driven by strong original equipment and replacement markets. Rising incomes are boosting passenger and two-wheeler sales, while significant infrastructure investment is increasing commercial vehicle demand, in turn supporting aftermarket tyre sales. However, challenges such as domestic natural rubber availability and new mobility technologies could impact growth.

Concurrently, tyre exports are positioned for substantial expansion. Key strategies to accelerate international growth include innovation for specific use cases, securing new free trade agreements and enhancing cost competitiveness and brand perception. Nevertheless, exporters must navigate obstacles like volatile regulations and non-tariff barriers.

A significant trend will be the rise of servitisation, where fleet operators increasingly adopt professional tyre management services. Demand for these solutions, including tyre health monitoring and advisory services, will be driven by a focus on operational efficiency and customer requirements. For this market to reach its full potential, tyre companies must develop scalable, economically viable models while addressing data security and regulatory concerns.

Kavan Mukhtyar, Partner and Leader – Automotive, PwC India, said, "India’s journey towards Viksit Bharat 2047 presents a huge opportunity for the tyre industry, not only to meet the aspirations of its domestic customer base but also to exponentially scale up tyre exports, especially in the commercial vehicle and passenger vehicle segments across key markets like US and EU. Emerging consumer trends and mobility shifts, a dynamic global business environment and sustainability imperatives present a unique opportunity for the Indian tyre industry to transform itself and drive sustainable growth through 2047. Innovating at speed for global markets through advanced material engineering, finding sustainable alternatives for natural rubber and addressing sustainability imperatives throughout the value chain will be key to unlocking growth potential for the industry. Additionally, brand strengthening in export markets and investing in digital technologies across the value chain will be essential to drive productivity and a sustained global competitive advantage.”

Arun Mammen, Chairman, Automotive Tyre Manufacturers’ Association (ATMA), said, "The Indian tyre industry stands at the cusp of a transformational journey, driven by rapid economic growth, evolving mobility trends and an expanding global footprint. The findings of the ATMA-PwC report underscore the industry’s immense growth potential, with revenue projected to grow 12-fold by 2047. This growth will be fuelled by a shift towards premiumisation, sustainability-led innovation and a strong focus on technology and exports. As we move towards ‘Viksit Bharat 2047’, the tyre industry is poised to play a pivotal role in enabling India’s automotive ambitions to build a resilient and future-ready sector."

Sanjay Dawar, Partner and Leader – One Consulting, PwC India, said, “The Indian tyre industry is at an inflection point, with the potential to create significant economic value and strengthen India’s global competitiveness. Achieving this 12-fold revenue growth will require a holistic approach – one that brings together innovation, sustainability, digital transformation and strong partnerships across the ecosystem. At PwC, we are committed to working alongside industry stakeholders to co-create strategies that can accelerate momentum, build resilience and help realise the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision."

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