The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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Pirelli enters the 2026 FIA European Rally Championship (ERC) season as the defending Tyres Manufacturer champion, with the opening round taking place from 17 to 19 April on the demanding asphalt roads of Rally Sierra Morena in Andalusia. A total of 62 crews will gather for the event, and more than 30 of them are expected to fight for the initial points of the European title race. The challenging route features 203.80 timed kilometres spread across 13 special stages, setting the scene for a competitive weekend.

To equip its teams for this gruelling asphalt challenge, Pirelli has prepared a selection of tyres from the P Zero range, specifically the hard RA5C and soft RA7+ compounds for dry conditions, complemented by the Cinturato RWD for wet weather. Among the leading contenders using Pirelli tyres are Andrea Mabellini, who secured third place in the overall championship last year and will drive a Lancia Y HF, along with reigning Italian champion Giandomenico Basso and Teemu Suninen, both piloting a Skoda Fabia RS.

Beyond the main European championship entries, Pirelli also serves as the sole supplier and technical partner for the M-Sport Fiesta Rally3 Trophy, now in its third season. This initiative has attracted 11 crews to Rally Sierra Morena, further highlighting Pirelli’s broad involvement in the event. The tyre allocation rules specify that drivers in RC2, RC3 and RGT categories receive 16 tyres, while those in RC4, RC5 and RC6 are allocated 12.

For crews taking part in Qualifying, the tyres used during that session count towards the overall allocation. However, tyres used during Free Practice and the Shakedown are not included in the total. With a strong field and Pirelli’s comprehensive technical support, the 2026 season opener promises intense competition on the Andalusian stages.

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Titan International has broadened its Black Rock branded Styled Wheels collection by launching a new range of aluminium wheels aimed at truck, SUV and Jeep enthusiasts who prioritise function and purpose-driven design. This expansion strengthens Titan’s dedication to products that blend toughness, adaptable fitment and striking modern aesthetics. It also supports the company’s ongoing expansion within specialty and off-road vehicle segments.

Engineered for genuine on- and off-road use, these new wheels cater to drivers with an outdoor lifestyle who refuse to compromise between high level performance and cutting edge looks. The Black Rock aluminium lineup includes multiple series and comes in a variety of finishes such as Gloss Black, Satin Black, Bronze and Gloss Silver Full Mach. These finishes offer a balance of classic and contemporary styling.

Available diameters include 17, 18 and 20 inches, covering popular bolt patterns, offsets and backspacing configurations for today’s most common trucks, SUVs and Jeeps. Designed as a function forward wheel solution, the Black Rock aluminium wheels provide the rugged styling and fitment options off road enthusiasts demand, all while maintaining uncompromised quality and performance.

Ryan Fuller, Styled Wheels & High-Speed Trailer Product Manager at Titan, said, “Customers want wheels that look great, fit right and hold up to real use. This launch expands the Black Rock aluminium offering with fresh styles and finishes while staying true to what the brand is known for: purpose-inspired designs.”

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DUNLOP (company name: Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd.) has officially extended its exclusive tyre supplier and technical partnership with Two Wheels Motor Racing (TWMR) for the FIM Asia Road Racing Championship (ARRC). This renewed agreement will remain in force until the year 2031, continuing a collaboration that dates back to the very first season of the championship in 1996.

For nearly three decades, DUNLOP has worked alongside TWMR as the designated official tyre partner, helping to shape what is now Asia’s premier road racing series. Their joint efforts have consistently focused on delivering fair competition and world-class technical standards, ensuring that the championship remains a benchmark for motorcycle racing in the region.

Under the renewed contract, DUNLOP will supply high-performance racing tyres across all classes and provide comprehensive on-site technical support at every circuit. This long-term commitment reflects the deep trust between both organisations and their shared ambition to advance motorsports throughout Asia.

Ron Hogg, Promotion Director, TWMR, said, “I am delighted that we will be able to continue our partnership with DUNLOP through 2031. A collaboration spanning 30 years is a truly rare milestone and a testament to the unwavering passion both companies share for the development of motorsports in Asia. We are extremely proud of the strong relationship we have built over the years. As the championship continues to grow, we look forward to achieving even greater success together with DUNLOP for the future of motorsports in Asia.”

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Continental has responded to the changing landscape of modern gravel riding by adding a new 50 mm version of its Dubnital tyre to its product range. This tyre model first proved itself in fast paced cross country racing, where it became known for combining impressive rolling speed with dependable handling. Before this launch, gravel riders had already embraced the larger 55 mm Dubnital, and this slimmer 50 mm option now allows Continental to better serve those competing on increasingly aggressive and technical gravel courses.

Designed for surfaces ranging from dry to damp, including rocky trails, hardpack and medium loose dirt, the Dubnital 50 mm features a carefully arranged tread. Its smooth centre section keeps straight line riding efficient, while the raised shoulder knobs dig in to deliver strong braking traction and steady cornering when the ground turns rough or unpredictable. The tyre also incorporates Continental’s latest Tubeless Ready and hookless compatible designs, ensuring it works properly with current wheel systems without sacrificing the control or performance the Dubnital name stands for.

As gravel race routes become faster, rougher and more complex, this new 50 mm tyre is quickly becoming a top choice for cyclists seeking a genuine balance between speed, stability and toughness. For cross country and down country riding, the Dubnital remains a quick option for light mixed terrain and hardpack surfaces. But for gravel applications specifically, the 50 mm size unlocks a more aggressive setup, giving riders the confidence to handle tougher courses and unpredictable trail conditions.

Rosa Klöser, 2024 Life Time UNBOUND Gravel 200 winner and Continental Tires ambassador, said, “For me, the Dubnital 50 mm is one of the most anticipated tyres in gravel right now. Considering the clearance of most gravel bikes, adding a 50 mm Dubnital will make a lot of gravel fans very happy – including myself. The tyre inspires a huge amount of confidence, especially in corners where you can really maximise your speed thanks to its incredible grip and braking control. But what stands out for me is its versatility – it’s not just for technical gravel! It’s a fast, reliable all-rounder for riders who want extra comfort, grip and durability without sacrificing speed.”

Alexander Haenke, MTB and Gravel Product Manager, Continental Tires, said, “With the introduction of the Dubnital 50 mm, we are removing the boundaries between mountain biking and gravel once and for all. The Dubnital already surpassed its predecessor, the Race King, and now confidently straddles the line between the gravel and MTB segments. In this 50 mm dimension, it hits a distinct sweet spot for technically demanding off‑road races such as Traka, The Rift or Badlands. The Dubnital 50 mm delivers its well‑proven off‑road performance paired with low rolling resistance, high puncture protection and low weight — a trend born in the racing scene, now available to everyone.”

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