The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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Hankook Tire has formally launched a major national research initiative at its advanced Hankook Technodome facility in Daejeon. The kick-off gathering took place on 4 June to begin work on a project titled ‘Development of Tire Manufacturing Technologies Using Sustainable Materials’, which falls under the Ministry of Climate, Energy and Environment’s 2026 Environmental Technology Development Program.

The core objective of this undertaking is to accelerate South Korea’s transition to a circular economy by deriving high-grade recycled inputs from discarded tyres. Two parallel tracks of research involve creating premium reclaimed materials from waste rubber and establishing manufacturing processes that rely on sustainable components. Hankook Tire has been a driving force in this field since 2023, leading the domestic Tire-to-Tire consortium, and has already brought to market the iON GT, an electric vehicle tyre composed of over 70 percent sustainable content.

Participation in this government-backed programme allows Hankook to broaden its existing private sector work into a larger cooperative framework that includes universities, research bodies and industry partners. The company intends to strengthen its ability to adapt to evolving environmental rules while making its raw material supply chains more resilient. The project consortium brings together 11 entities, with M&B Green Earth acting as the lead institution alongside Kumho Petrochemical, HS Hyosung, Solvay, KRICT, KAIST and several other academic and technical organisations.

Hankook Tire ultimately targets the commercial release of next-generation, low-carbon tyres containing more than 85 percent sustainable materials and capable of cutting carbon emissions by over half. The project will also allow for large-scale validation of the domestic Tire-to-Tire circular model through product demonstrations and integrated performance assessments. Further demonstrating its commitment, the company recently attended the April launch of the Eco-design Forum, where industry players discussed compliance with the EU Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation.

Bonhee Koo, Head of the R&D Innovation Division at Hankook Tire, said, “This national R&D project presents a meaningful opportunity to bring together the expertise of leading industry, academic and research institutions. Through close communication and collaboration among all participating organisations, we will strive to deliver tangible outcomes that contribute to strengthening competitiveness in the global market.”

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American tyre brand General Tire has officially widened its all-terrain product family by unveiling the Grabber AT3 Plus, a new all-season tyre engineered for unpredictable weather and rugged off-road use. The launch addresses the rising popularity of both traditional 4x4 vehicles and the rapidly expanding sport utility vehicle segment, offering a single solution that balances highway driving with trail capability.

When measured against the previous model, the latest Grabber delivers superior snow traction and enhanced wet-road grip thanks to a thoroughly reengineered tread design that visually signals its off-road intentions. Durability remains a priority, as both the compound and tread pattern have been optimised for harsh conditions while still providing precise handling and reduced cabin noise. The tyre is built for year-round use on pavement and dirt, and every available dimension bears the three-peak mountain snowflake symbol, ensuring legal compliance for winter driving across numerous countries.

Upon its release, the Grabber AT3 Plus will be offered in rim diameters ranging from 15 to 22 inches, widths between 195 and 315 millimetres and aspect ratios of 80 down to 40 percent. Certain sizes carry LT identification along with LRD and LRE load ratings, making them suitable for heavy-duty applications, while speed ratings can reach up to 240 kilometres per hour. To achieve its balance of toughness, grip and ride quality, General Tire integrates three proprietary systems: TracGen for loose-surface traction and on-road precision, Comfort Balance for smooth rolling and noise reduction and DuraGen for cut-resistant tread blocks and stone bumpers.

A rugged sidewall with a pronounced shoulder, clear tread markings and logo detailing gives the tyre an assertive appearance that complements modern SUVs and off-road vehicles. Depending on the dimension, the Grabber AT3 Plus earns a C grade for wet braking, a B for noise emissions and most commonly a D for rolling resistance.

Matthias Bartz, Business Development Manager – EMEA, General Tire, said, “Our R&D department has achieved a remarkable feat in further developing the leading Grabber AT3. The Grabber AT3 Plus delivers improvements across all key performance areas – without any compromises.”

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Michelin North America, Inc. is participating once again in a special journey to transport World War II veterans to Normandy, France, in observance of the 82nd anniversary of D-Day. The initiative is carried out in collaboration with the Best Defense Foundation and Delta Air Lines, reflecting a unified effort to preserve the memory of veteran courage and sacrifice through direct, intergenerational experiences rather than solely through historical texts.

A charter flight carrying the veterans departed on 2 June, accompanied by caregivers and volunteers from the partner organisations. Over the course of a nine-day stay, the group will attend commemorative ceremonies and celebrations marking the anniversary. The Best Defense Foundation views the journey as not merely a commemoration but a meaningful opportunity for connection.

This year’s programme again includes students selected through the Best Defense Foundation’s NextGen initiative, who travel alongside the veterans as escorts and witnesses. From Omaha Beach to Pegasus Bridge and Carentan, the students will explore historic sites with those who lived through the events, ensuring that the stories of service members are passed on with authenticity and respect.

The collaboration among Michelin, the Best Defense Foundation and Delta Air Lines began in 2021 and has brought veterans back to France each year since the 78th anniversary in 2022. Michelin’s historic link to D-Day dates to spring 1944, when the 1939 Michelin Guide’s detailed maps were reprinted by Allied commanders to aid navigation in France. The company later produced additional maps for Allied advances, earning formal recognition from Allied Forces, and continues that legacy today through acts of remembrance and return.

Matthew Cabe, President and CEO, Michelin North America, Inc., said, “It is deeply meaningful and humbling for Michelin to stand alongside these veterans in Normandy. Supporting this initiative is one way we demonstrate our deep gratitude for these heroes and ensure the significance of their service is carried forward for generations to come.”

Bob Somers, Senior Vice President – Global Sales, Delta, said, “As we mark the fifth year of the Normandy Legacy Flight, we are reminded that carrying forward a legacy of this magnitude requires partners who share not only our values but a deep sense of purpose and responsibility. We are profoundly grateful for our partnership with Michelin, whose steadfast commitment and collaboration make this mission possible year after year. Together, we are honoured to pay tribute to our nation’s greatest heroes by preserving their legacy, honouring their sacrifice and ensuring their stories endure for generations to come.”

Donnie Edwards, Founder, Best Defense Foundation, said, “Michelin's commitment to this mission goes beyond sponsorship. It is a shared belief that the men and women who fought for our freedom deserve to be remembered, honoured and heard. Because of partners like Michelin, we are able to bring veterans back to the places that shaped history and ensure their stories live on in the people who will carry them forward.”

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Goodyear is set to field its most ambitious endurance racing effort to date at this weekend’s 24 Hours of Le Mans. A total of 44 cars spread across the LMGT3 and LMP2 classes will take on the famous French circuit, all riding on Goodyear Racing Eagle tyres. The event marks a significant milestone for the tyre manufacturer as it supplies nearly three-quarters of the entire starting grid.

In the LMGT3 category, all 25 entrants will rely on the familiar Goodyear Racing Eagle medium compound in dry conditions, switching to a specially developed wet tyre when rain arrives. For the 19 LMP2 machines, competitors from series such as the European Le Mans Series and their counterparts in North America and Asia will have access to an updated Eagle medium slick. That tyre first appeared at Le Castellet last season before making a strong impression at La Sarthe a month later.

Tyre management is expected to shape race strategy across both highly competitive classes. Goodyear engineers point to the possibility of some drivers completing up to four consecutive stints on a single set of slicks, a distance roughly equal to two Formula 1 Grands Prix. With regulations capping any single driver’s continuous running at four hours, equivalent to around 44 laps or 600 kilometres, last year’s dry conditions saw teams in both categories exceed that distance on one set of tyres.

More than 7,000 tyres and a team of over 100 specialists, including fitters, engineers and support staff, have been deployed to manage Goodyear’s largest endurance racing operation. Each entry receives a dedicated track support engineer. Above the circuit, the Goodyear Blimp will offer aerial experiences for guests and media, while a fan zone on the ground showcases the link between racing and the brand’s Eagle tyre range. Goodyear Racing Eagles are also competing this weekend at Pocono Raceway in NASCAR and at Bristol Dragway for the NHRA Thunder Valley Nationals.

Stephen Bickley, Goodyear Endurance Programme Manager, said, “Le Mans presents challenges unlike anything else in endurance racing because conditions constantly change across the 24 hours. Teams often face huge swings in track and ambient temperatures between day and night, while safety cars and slow zones can cool tyres before drivers are thrown straight back into racing speeds.

“Our Goodyear Racing Eagle Medium compounds have been developed to have a very wide operating window, giving drivers of varying ability levels confidence throughout the race and across changing conditions. This year we could see teams running up to four consecutive stints on a single set of tyres, meaning our tyres will be able to last longer than the regulations allow drivers to stay in the car.

“Goodyear is proud to be an intrinsic part of one of motorsport’s true jewels in the crown. We always aim to put on a show for fans both on and off-track, and the extreme challenges of Le Mans provide a true opportunity for Goodyear to demonstrate its technology and expertise to a global audience.”

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