The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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CEAT Limited recently organised a specialised engagement initiative for women fleet owners at its manufacturing complex in Chennai. The programme aimed to foster professional dialogue and knowledge sharing while providing an in-depth look at the intricacies of tyre production and development. Attendees, who came from diverse regions across the country, toured the company’s advanced Chennai facility, which holds a 'World Economic Forum Lighthouse' designation. During the visit, they witnessed key production stages, engaged with technical experts and learned about the quality control, safety protocols and innovative practices integral to CEAT's operations.

This effort brought together 14 women transporters representing various roles and business sizes within the logistics sector, collectively contributing decades of industry experience. The gathering was arranged in collaboration with the Women’s Wing of the All India Transporters Welfare Association (AITWA), with participants hailing from major cities such as Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai. The initiative was supported by Reema Kothari Jogani, Chairperson of the AITWA Women’s Wing.

While women still form a modest segment of India's transport workforce, their involvement has been steadily rising. This trend is significant in the context of the country's broader economic ambitions, including the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision and the goal of a USD 30 trillion economy, where women-led development is seen as a key driver. The logistics industry itself is projected to grow substantially from its 2024 valuation of USD 354 billion to USD 800 billion by 2030.

CEAT is actively working to increase female participation, particularly in manufacturing. Through automation, ergonomic enhancements and lift-assist systems, the company has made physically demanding roles more accessible. These measures have resulted in women comprising 20 percent of the workforce at the Chennai plant. Furthermore, the Nagpur facility, which was the first in Maharashtra to permit night shifts for women, has achieved 28 percent female representation on its shop floor. The company’s focus extends beyond numbers to creating an environment where women are encouraged to lead and excel in roles that have been traditionally male-dominated.

Vishal Pawar, Senior Vice President – Global Sales and Supply Chain, CEAT, said, “Women fleet owners are playing a pivotal role in redefining the boundaries of the transport sector. Their determination and entrepreneurial spirit inspire us. At CEAT, we are proud to create meaningful avenues for them to engage with the industry, build networks and gain deeper exposure to manufacturing and technology. We remain committed to supporting their journey of growth and empowerment.”

Reema Kothari Jogani said, “Building an inclusive logistics ecosystem requires collaboration between industry stakeholders, organisations and entrepreneurs. CEAT’s initiative is a constructive step towards strengthening this ecosystem by enabling women fleet owners to interact with experts, learn from best practices and explore the operational depth of modern manufacturing. These are women who not only run and grow their businesses together but also share a strong sense of camaraderie supporting each other and finding moments of fun along the way. Such engagements help accelerate the participation of women in a traditionally male dominated sector and contribute to long term industry transformation.”

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The ongoing conflict in West Asia presents serious challenges for India’s tyre industry, according to the Automotive Tyre Manufacturers Association (ATMA), which has called on the government to introduce policy measures to ease the emerging pressures. In a recent submission, ATMA detailed how the geopolitical turmoil is likely to disrupt export activity, drive up raw material prices and strain the sector’s supply chain.

India sends tyres worth an estimated USD 250–260 million to West Asia each year, a trade flow now at risk. The situation is further complicated by potential blockages or delays in strategic maritime passages like the Strait of Hormuz and the Suez Canal, which could slow shipments to Europe, United States and Africa while pushing freight costs higher.

Soaring crude oil prices, currently around USD 100 per barrel, are compounding the problem. Given that crude derivatives account for 60 to 70 percent of the materials used in tyre production, inputs such as synthetic rubber, carbon black and processing oils are becoming significantly more expensive. Import-reliant segments of the supply chain, including natural rubber, chemicals and tyre cord fabrics, are also feeling the strain from disrupted global shipping routes.

ATMA has proposed a range of government interventions to help the industry navigate these headwinds. These include reinstating previous RoDTEP rates, improving Duty Drawback benefits and correcting the inverted duty structure affecting tyres and natural rubber. Easing import restrictions on natural rubber – such as lifting port limitations, removing pre-import conditions and extending the export obligation period to 18 months – has also been suggested. In addition, the association recommends lowering or removing customs duties on other raw materials that are either in short supply domestically or not produced locally.

To maintain continuity in production, ATMA has urged that the tyre industry and its Tier-1 suppliers be classified as ‘Essential’ services. This designation would help secure a steady supply of natural gas and LPG, both vital for manufacturing. Any disruption, the association warns, could ripple through sectors reliant on mobility, including logistics, agriculture and public health services. ATMA remains hopeful that timely government support will preserve the stability and global competitiveness of India’s tyre sector.

Arun Mammen, Chairman, ATMA, said, “For the Indian tyre industry, the combined impact of rising input costs, freight disruptions and export uncertainties could affect competitiveness in international markets. At a time when India is focused on strengthening its export momentum, it is important that the industry receives timely policy support to navigate these challenges."

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Falken Tyre has announced the return of its popular ‘Falken Says Fill Up’ campaign, scheduled to run from 15 March to 31 May 2026 across 20 European markets. The initiative is designed to pair a strong product offering with an appealing customer incentive. Those purchasing a set of Falken summer or all-season tyres of at least 16 inches, excluding those for lorries, will receive a fuel voucher as part of the promotion.

The campaign places particular emphasis on the Falken ZIEX ZE320, a summer tyre developed to meet the demands of contemporary driving. It offers high levels of comfort, precise handling and a well-balanced combination of efficiency and everyday practicality. An enhanced rubber compound contributes to superior wet grip, while lower rolling resistance helps reduce both fuel use and CO₂ emissions relative to the previous model. The tyre is especially suited to frequent drivers and families seeking safety, durability and a smooth experience during long journeys in warm conditions. The summer range also includes the sporty Falken AZENIS FK520, noted for its stability and short braking distances, alongside the newly introduced Falken EUROALL SEASON AS220, an all-season tyre built to perform reliably in fluctuating weather.

In addition to the fuel voucher, Falken is introducing two new giveaways for the 2026 edition. Collaborating with Enders, the company will offer high-end gas grills from the UNIQ PRO 3 IK KITCHEN Cruster line. Furthermore, in partnership with the Professional Darts Corporation, branded dart sets will also be available.

The campaign will be active in Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Switzerland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden. It is important to note that both the nature and value of the fuel vouchers, as well as the exact timing of the promotion, may differ from one country to another.

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Toyo Tires has introduced the new M165 commercial van tyre, an all-season option specifically engineered with last-mile delivery operations in mind, targeting the challenges of frequent stopping, heavy cargo and urban driving. A key focus of the tyre is to help fleet operators lower operational costs through improved fuel efficiency and promotion of even, long-lasting treadwear.

The M165 addresses the handling characteristics of tall vans by incorporating an e-balance design that enhances stability and minimises sway. This is complemented by a specialised cap compound and sidewall protectors to improve traction and shield the casing from the curb damage common in delivery routes. The tyre’s robust construction is intended to withstand the wear associated with constant acceleration, braking and heavy loads. It will succeed the previous H08+ model in the manufacturer’s commercial lineup.

To ensure durability under stop-and-go activity, the tyre features new compounds that resist uneven wear. The all-season tread pattern integrates interlocking blocks and multi-wave sipes for reliable grip on both wet and dry roads while reducing block movement for greater stability. The advanced casing is engineered to resist damaging heat and support retreadability, thereby extending its usable life.

The Toyo M165 will be available in spring, offered in multiple 16-inch sizes with D and E load ratings, making it suitable for vehicles like the Ford Transit, Ram ProMaster and Rivian RCV.

Jordan Vastine, Product Planning and Technical Services Manager, Toyo Tire U.S.A. Corp, said, “The newly launched M165 commercial van tyre is built with the focus of helping fleets see higher removal miles while reducing irregular wear. We are confident the M165 will complement the already proven Toyo commercial product lineup.”

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