The Plastics and Rubber Institute of Sri Lanka, and the Sri Lanka Association of Manufacturers and Exporters of Rubber Products, together with the assistance of the Export Development Board, conducted a two- day virtual workshop on Advanced Technology/Smart Manufacturing For The Rubber Product Industry In Sri Lanka, in December 2020. Despite the fact that the country was just raising its head from the deleterious aftermath of the first and second waves of Covid -19, the participation was beyond all expectations, thus indicating the weightage placed in keeping abreast of modern trends and moving with times by the industry community and the professionals and I presume that this is the current trend throughout the world.

As a member of the organising committee of the event and more as a hands-on person of the technologists of the not so modern generation, I realised that I was a curious and a rather passive observer of the currently fast unfolding industry scenario. The array of topics presented by local as well as overseas experts on their respective specialties was impressive. They covered Smart Energy Monitoring, IOT Built Industry Automation, Big Data Processing and applications, Conditioned based Monitoring for Maintenance, 3D/4D Printing, Virtual Product Design and Testing, Finite Element Analysis, and Product Failure Analysis.

It made me guessing with fascination, how much the information utilisation scenario in the manufacturing industry has metamorphosed during the past few decades since the times of two great discoveries/inventions, of Charles Babbage and Arthur. C. Clarke, that paved way for the evolution of the Information and Communications revolution. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an extraordinarily talented scientist, mathematician, economist and engineer. He is best known today - as he was in his lifetime - for inventing two types of cogwheel calculating machines, the forerunners of the modern computers. It was Arthur C. Clarke. after the crest of World War II, from his base in Stratford-On-Avon, England, as a young officer in the Royal Air Force, who dabbled in science fiction writing, floated the idea of global communications satellites in a 1945 letter to the publication Wireless World. It will be of interest to learn that the latter made Sri Lanka his second home and contributed in no small way to the development of ICT and astronomy in our country during the sixties and seventies.

As I gathered, with my rather limited knowledge of ICT, that the common features, of the modern-day innovations are generating a vast amount of real time data on all key aspects of the value chain, and interfacing between the value adding activities. Automation and reducing the dependability on the human factor has been another significant trend. Another key driver has been the necessity for reliability, agility and robustness in delivering products and services to the customer in the ever-changing customer preferences, which are again fueled willfully through product promotion and creation of new needs through massive adverting campaigns and mass communications. Companies are increasingly embracing the innovative technologies, to enable business growth, wealth accumulation, contribution to the national economies, which has helped in achieving improved quality of life, particularly in the traditionally termed developed countries.

Right through his anthropogenic evolution, Homo Sapiens or the “thinking man” has been characterised by the use of his brain to find easier and faster ways of doing things, which was an absolutely vital advantage for his survival in the primitive hostile environment. Commencing with use of stone tools, discovery of fire, and iron, this trend has continued throughout the history of mankind. During the more recent period of the last three centuries, which culminated in the Industry 4.0, some key landmarks, which reflect the quest of the mankind to better lives, through increased and efficient resource utilisation can be identified.

Revolutions

This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world. Although used earlier by French writers, the term Industrial Revolution was first popularised by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe Britain's economic development from 1760 to 1840. The first industrial revolution came with the advent of mechanisation, steam power and water power. This was followed by second industrial revolution which revolved around mass production and assembly lines using electricity. Henry Ford’s conveyor belt system was put into motion in December 1^st of 1913 in his Detroit manufacturing plant. Fully mechanised, or partially mechanised, assembly lines allowed Ford to offer a vehicle for a working family. One of his goals was to have a car that every family could own.

The car that every family would soon come to own was the Model T. His manufacturing plants would go on to produce over 15 million Model Ts and this is due almost entirely to his assembly line. In order to achieve a production of the Model T at such a high rate, he needed to break down the process of assembling the car to make it as efficient as possible to produce, while still being financially accessible.

The third industrial revolution came with electronics, IT systems and automation, which led to the fourth industrial revolution that is associated with cyber- physical systems. Some of the principles of which were the topics of the December Workshop. Generally speaking, Industry 4.0 describes the growing trend towards automation and data exchange in technology and processes within the manufacturing industry, including:

•  The internet of things (IoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT)
• Cyber-physical systems (CPS)
• Smart manufacture
•  Smart factories
• Cloud computing
• Cognitive computing
• Artificial intelligence

This automation creates a manufacturing system whereby machines in factories are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors to monitor and visualise an entire production process and make autonomous decisions. Wireless connectivity and the augmentation of machines will be greatly advanced with the full roll out of 5G

The fourth industrial revolution also relates to digital technologies that can create virtual versions of real-world installations, processes and applications. These can then be robustly tested to make cost-effective decentralised decisions. In short, this should allow for digital transformation and  for automated and autonomous manufacturing with joined-up systems that can cooperate with each other.

Black spots

It can thus be unanimously agreed that the emerging technologies have already resulted in tremendous benefits for mankind and that they have vast future potential in changing the entire human civilisation. While appreciating and accepting the usefulness of the technologies, I cannot refrain from contemplating on the black spots in the white cloth. The disadvantages of the digital technologies have been well documented throughout the world and some of these, include, data security, digital media manipulation, job insecurity, over reliance on gadgets, addiction, depersonalization, and social alienation, and stress related physical and mental illnesses and the list is not exhaustive. Diminishing of the human touch is considered by many, as a matter of grave concern, and its effect on the personal, ethical, family and social has already begun to reveal its dark side.

As an adaptive measure of the new normal mentality that followed the Covid-19 pandemic, “Social Distancing” intruded our day to day activates over the past one and half years. However, on thinking reflectively, it will be evident that Social Distancing actually had its beginnings in the first three industrial revolutions, while it got aggravated in the recent years. Dilemmas and debatable questions as to whether  dehumanisation is still progressing and what will be the outcome, if the current rate of rapid technology trend continues? These will become key challenges for the sociologists and sociopsychologists and the modern HR specialists. Prioritising automation and sub optimisation of the human resource, in the disguise of improving operational efficiency, as a business strategy of maintaining sustainability, could turn out to be short lived.

Over dependence on technology at the expense of losing the much-required human touch and interpersonal relationships, can be witnessed in many of the day-to-day activities, such as internet or online banking, bill payments, buying at super markets, home deliveries, and on-line webinars. I have personal experience of the short comings of on-line lecturing for students and on virtual workshops, which can only be utilised as a stop gap measure. As a person of the “old generation,” I find it an exhilarating experience to walk to the local bank, greet good morning to the staff, and having a friendly chat with the familiar cashier, while getting my transaction done. Some may equate such practices to lack of time management and productivity. Human interaction of this kind holds a special position in countries such as India and Sri Lanka, which has rich religious and cultural heritages, and adopting the new technologies as a panacea for improving all the aspects of efficiency and productivity in an effort be stay competitive can only be a short-term strategy.

It was Robert Frost, the American poet (1874-1963), who once philosophically remarked, “don’t ever take fence down, until you know why it was put up”

Obsolescence due to ineffective use or total non -use which we witness with machinery and equipment, may be applicable to the humans as well. It is said that the human body has about one hundred, vestigial organs, including the appendix, which have become nonfunctional, during the evolutionary process as a result on non-use and obsolescence. (TT)

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Michelin has launched a specialised tyre engineered to meet the rigorous demands of modern high-capacity mine and quarry loaders. The MICHELIN Xtra Power L5** 26.5 R25 tyre focuses on delivering durability and enhanced productivity in the most challenging operational environments while also prioritising operator comfort. This new size expands Michelin’s portfolio for loaders, building upon the earlier MICHELIN Xtra Power L5*** 35/65 R33 launched in 2021.

The tyre is built to handle complex applications, from face work and block handling to forestry transport and high-speed operations that impose extreme stress. It responds to the industry trend towards larger vehicles with bigger buckets, offering a substantial load capacity increase of up to 18.5 tonnes – a 23 percent improvement over the previous generation.

Key technical advancements underpin its performance. Engineers developed an innovative structure with a curved design and optimised rubber block support to minimise contact surface stress and boost protection. Reinforcements in the tread and shoulders improve damage resistance, while a larger bead heel enhances torque transmission and helps prevent rim slip, reducing premature wear.

Constructed to endure abrasive soils and aggressive surfaces like stone and rock, the tyre facilitates movement across varied terrain, supporting greater machine productivity. Its new tread design and unique rubber compound contribute to this robustness. Additionally, the design incorporates strengthened crown and protective layers with added metal for superior damage resistance.

For long-term cost efficiency, the tyre is designed to be retreadable, helping fleet managers optimise operational expenses. Operator safety and comfort are further enhanced by its capability to operate at pressures up to 7.5 bars, improving machine stability by 20 percent even during intensive loading cycles.

Clifford de Jager, CES Technical Manager, Beyond Road – Mining, Construction, Material Handling at Michelin, said, “At Michelin, we are always adapting and developing our products to ensure they match the needs of the latest machinery on the market. The MICHELIN Xtra Power L5** 26.5 R25 can handle the most challenging working environments while delivering optimised load capacity and improved torque transmission in a stable, comfortable and safe manner.”

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Hankook Tire is all geared up to showcase the prowess of its racing tyres as the ABB FIA Formula E World Championship arrives at the Miami International Autodrome for the 2026 Miami E-Prix. The event, serving as Round 3 of Season 12, marks the series' first World Championship race at this iconic venue, albeit on a shorter, 2.32-kilometre layout crafted for Formula E's distinct performance characteristics. This new circuit configuration around Hard Rock Stadium presents a balanced technical challenge, demanding optimal tyre performance in rapid warm-up, traction on corner exit and stability under heavy regenerative braking.

The temporary nature of the circuit, blending permanent asphalt with repurposed stadium grounds, ensures a weekend of significant track evolution. As the surface rubberises, grip levels will change, particularly in high-load areas, making consistent tyre behaviour a critical factor for success. Teams will rely on predictable temperature build-up and dependable grip to execute qualifying strategies and manage energy efficiency throughout the race. Central to meeting this challenge is Hankook's iON Race tyre, engineered to provide strong adhesion and precise handling while maintaining the crucial low rolling resistance required in the all-electric championship.

This motorsport engagement is a cornerstone of Hankook's premium brand advancement in the region, running parallel to its role as a Founding Partner of the Tomorrow Golf League (TGL). Beyond the track, the Miami event will be a full spectacle, featuring a vibrant festival atmosphere with live entertainment, interactive fan experiences and local food offerings. With the home crowd supporting US-linked teams like Andretti and DS PENSKE, and a new circuit testing every component, the E-Prix is set to be a defining event, powered by the technology within Hankook's tyres.

Manfred Sandbichler, Senior Director, Hankook Motorsport, said, “Miami is the type of venue that immediately raises the technical stakes. With a Formula E layout making its first championship appearance at the Miami International Autodrome, teams arrive without the usual backlog of race-weekend references. That places even greater importance on tyre consistency, traction stability and temperature control. We’re looking forward to seeing the iON Race support close, high-intensity racing as Formula E brings its street-racing character to Miami.”

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Pirelli has launched the latest summer tyre for SUVs, the new Scorpion, representing a comprehensive evolution of a line first introduced in 1986 for high-driving-position vehicles like the legendary Lamborghini LM002. Today, the Scorpion name encompasses a broad family of products, including SUV, motorcycle and bicycle tyres. This newest iteration is engineered to deliver safety, comfort and lasting performance, specifically tailored to the demands of modern Sport Utility Vehicles.

The development process leveraged advanced virtual engineering, with Pirelli’s Milan-based R&D team evaluating over 20 technological variants of compounds and tread patterns using proprietary mileage-prediction tools. Driving simulators further optimised handling and dry performance before physical validation, which confirmed significant improvements over the preceding generation. This integrated design approach yielded a tyre that excels across key metrics. It has earned the TÜV institute’s Premium Quality Mark, ranking first in independent dry braking and wet handling tests while also leading in wet braking and straight-line aquaplaning. The entire launch range achieves the top European Class A rating for wet grip, along with Class A/B for acoustic comfort and Class B for rolling resistance, ensuring consistent performance across summer temperatures.

To address the unique challenges of SUVs, such as increased weight and a higher centre of gravity, Pirelli incorporated dedicated technical solutions. The tyre features a reinforced carcass and structure, wider central tread blocks and an optimised profile that promotes uniform pressure distribution and reduces shoulder deformation. This design promotes even wear, making it ideal for heavier vehicles. The updated tread compound, which shares innovative materials with the acclaimed latest-generation Cinturato for saloons, ensures stable performance, improved wet grip and excellent mileage. Furthermore, a new groove geometry in the tread pattern enhances both handling and noise comfort.

The new Scorpion is already offered in 16 sizes ranging from 18 to 22 inches. It incorporates technologies like Elect, which can extend the range of electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles by up to 10 percent through solutions designed for their specific powertrain characteristics. Building on a legacy of over 300 homologations for the Scorpion summer range, this new generation, developed in collaboration with leading car manufacturers, already has more than 40 homologations in progress.

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Hankook Tire has entered a significant global alliance by becoming a Global Partner of the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA). This collaboration, formalised at a signing ceremony in London on 23 January 2026 with FIA President Mohammed Ben Sulayem and Hankook Tire Europe’s President and COO, Jongho Park, aligns the company with the governing body’s vision for the future of mobility and motorsport. The partnership is rooted in a shared commitment to innovation, safety and sustainability.

Central to this alliance are two key roles for Hankook. The company will serve as the Official Partner of the annual FIA Awards and the Official Partner of the FIA Sustainable Innovation Series from 2026 to 2028. This series, conducted with premier FIA World Championships like Formula E and Formula One, creates a global forum for industry leaders. It emphasises practical ‘track to road’ strategies, where advancements pioneered in motorsport directly influence broader automotive development.

Hankook’s commitment extends beyond sponsorship into tangible research and development. The company actively pursues sustainable transformation through AI-assisted development processes and strategic investments in electromobility, exemplified by its specialised iON tyre family for electric vehicles. A heightened use of certified renewable and recycled materials further underscores this direction.

The company views motorsport as a vital proving ground for its technology. Its position as the exclusive technical partner and tyre supplier for the ABB FIA Formula E World Championship and the FIA World Rally Championship provides a direct conduit for testing new materials and technologies under extreme conditions. This integrated approach ensures that Hankook develops tyre solutions that meet the evolving demands of modern mobility, where tyres play a crucial role in the safety, efficiency and sustainability of both conventional vehicles and those utilising new drive concepts.

Mohammed Ben Sulayem, President, FIA, said, “Sustainability and technological innovation are at the heart of our missions at the FIA, so I am delighted to welcome Hankook as a new partner. This new partnership with Hankook reflects the global growth of our FIA Global Partner Program, and through collaboration it will strengthen our work to make motorsport and mobility safer.”

Jongho Park, President & COO, Hankook Tire Europe, said, “The FIA and Hankook share the belief that technological innovation can only be effective on a sustained basis if it combines safety, fairness and responsibility. As Global Partner of the FIA, we want to use our expertise in technology and sustainable tyre development to drive the mobility of the future – in motorsport and beyond.”

Craig Edmondson, Chief Commercial Officer, FIA, said, “Through our expanding Global Partner Program, the FIA is working alongside leading international organisations that share our commitment to driving innovation, sustainability and safety across both motorsport and mobility. We are pleased to welcome Hankook into the FIA Global Partner Program. Together, we will continue to accelerate progress and shape a more sustainable, future‑focused mobility ecosystem.”

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