Around six years ago, JK Tyre joined hands with Pune-based Treel Mobility, which has now been acquired by the tyre company. Today JK Tyre is the only tyre company in India that indigenously manufacturers Tyre Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) based on sensor technology. TREEL provides live data on the most important variables: tyre temperature, tyre pressure, tyre positions, locations, distance travelled and expected tyre life through our algorithm thus capture almost full health of the tyres. We provide our TMAS software for tyre management.

JK Tyre offers sensor technologies for both OE and aftermarket.

“The sensors can alert if the air pressure increases and drops by more than one psi. Our sensors are a multi-utility product and come with around five years of life,” Misra said, adding that the company’s sensor technologies are getting good response from the market.

JK Tyre’s manufacturing operations comprise of 12 state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities. The company has nine modern plants in India (three plants in Mysuru, three plants in Haridwar and one plant each in Banmore (M.P.), Kankroli (Rajasthan) and Chennai and three plants in Mexico – an aggregate production capacity of around 32 million tyres per annum.

The company is engaged in the manufacture and marketing of automotive tyres, tubes and flaps. JK Tyre’s products comprise Truck/Bus Radial & Bias, Passenger car radials, 2/3-wheeler tyres, LCV & SCV Bias & Radial, off-highway tyres (OTR and Farm), as well as speciality tyres for military/ defence, industrial and farm applications besides racing tyres.

Data generated through the sensors is not only helping JK Tyre to develop better products but provides an efficient and cost-effective service to its customers, especially in Truck Radial tyre space. “Service efficiency is what makes the difference to a customer. It is very important factor,” explained Misra.

JK Tyre is also in “Mobility Solutions”, where the company takes complete control of the tyre management and sells tyres by kilometres to the customers.

“Having such solutions availed, fleet owners do not have to worry about the most capital intensive part tyres. They do not have to buy tyres. We provide the right quality of tyres as per their requirements and then we make sure that tyres are optimally used and well maintained. To ensure performance and better life of tyres, we need lots of information and timely data collection which is not humanly possible. But now we can have all the data since tyres are fitted with sensors,” said Misra.

Misra claims that JK Tyres is the first company in India to provide such kind of services to the fleet companies.

“JK Tyre will continuously keep looking into the enhancement of sensor technologies in future,” he said.

With the help of JK Tyre’s service management and support around 3% fuel can be saved with the better pressure, alignment and maintenance of the tyres, whereas the tyre life is improved anywhere between 5% to 10%. “We have also seen big improvement in the downtime of the vehicles as well,” added Misra. The company extended this solution across more than 800 fleet owners. JK Tyre today has over 50 state-of-the-art Truck Wheels centres across the country which provides services enabled by high-quality machinery including computerised wheel alignment, wheel balancing, automated tyre changing, tyre rotation, nitrogen for tyre inflation, all under one roof to provide a 360-degree solution and excellent experience to the customer.

For EV mobility, the company is getting aggressive. JK Tyre has done benchmarking in the markets where the EV is largely being used. “We have tested and kept the tyres ready for EV cars. We have developed special tyres and have also done benchmarking with tyres which are being used by cars like Tesla / Kona,” said Misra. We intend offering special tyres for EV application backed with sensor technology.

The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) is planning to introduce star rating, like electric appliances, for tyres based on their rolling resistance, wet grip and rolling noise. In Europe also, the labelling is provided on tyres for rolling resistance, braking on wet surfaces and external noise.

However, India did not have facilities to test wet grip in India till recent times. For the export purpose, the Indian tyre companies used to get their tyres tested for wet grip from outside India.

“In India, the star ratings have been principally agreed and accepted. The levels from 1 to 5 for RR and wet grip have also been finalised for all type of tyres. The star rating will come soon in India,” said Misra. However, the data for wet grip & rolling noise is yet to be generated to confirm the specs so far considered.

Initially, the star rating will be voluntarily for the first two years and then it will become mandatory. “It will be interesting to see how star rating will influence customers’ buying behaviour,” he added.

The company is also establishing its wet grip testing capability. JK Tyre has become the first tyre company in India to buy a traction trailer to test wet grip. The traction trailer has been installed at NATRiP, Indore. International Centre for Automotive Technology and Automotive Research Association of India are in also in the process of certifying complete infrastructure for testing for Indian Tyre Industry for all category of tyres under review.

“Based on the readiness at ICAT and later at ARAI, the tyre industry will generate data on wet grip,” and approach certification body to align the specifications.

The company is currently using the traction trailer for its own purpose and will explore possibilities to provide wet grip testing service to other players in the Indian market.

For the commercial tyre business, the company’s recent breakthrough is Fuel Saver Technology, which saves up to 8% to 10% fuel. The company introduced its fuel-saving technology for its TBR tyres and now it will be brought for tubeless tyres which has also been extended to Tubeless Truck Tyres. The company has also successfully launched a radial mining tyre in the country.

As for as the passenger vehicle tyres, JK Tyre will launch an ultra-high-performance tyre, being developed in Europe. “We have tested our ultra-high-performance tyre up to 300 km/h on one of the best tracks available in Germany by test experts against best in class- tyres. We also picked up an Indian brand which declared their tyre as UHP tyre. Our tyre is far superior in terms of overall- handling, performance, control, wet grip and noise. We will launch this product soon,” said Misra.

In the auto industry, traditional rivals are coming together to meet future demand and tackle various challenges. For instance, BMW and Daimler have come together for autonomous cars. According to reports, the agreement to develop automated driving technology will focus on assisted driving systems, automated driving on highways, and automated parking. However, regarding this Misra does not see possibility of such collaborations on new technology sharing or development in the Indian tyre industry.

“Being a member of various committees in the industry, we had jointly mooted an idea of having a common research and development centre with the support of the Government of India where we have every possible capability for technology development. Even if we get into that, it will not be technology sharing but yes a great platform can get created for Technology development.

For JK Tyre, fuel economy, longevity and safety is paramount for its products. “Safety is expected to be inbuilt, though customers awareness needs to be enhanced. Now fuel efficiency and rolling resistance are gaining traction, particularly from OE perspective. For the aftermarket, longevity continues to be the top priority,” said Misra.

JK Tyre is also building capabilities in various fronts. JK Tyre’s new Research and Development (R&D) facility - Raghupati Singhania Centre of Excellence (RPSCOE) at Mysore has capabilities for all aspects right from testing the raw rubber sourced to creating simulations and predictive techniques for future offerings. Along with the installation of the traction trailer, the company was the first to have the Semi-Anechoic Chamber that uses specialised software for noise, vibration and harshness and data analysis. The company also has a centre of excellence at IIT Madras which is a joint venture between the company and IIT Madras. “We have developed many predictive technologies and other solution at the Centre. The virtual proving ground has been setup where you can establish the actual performance for the tyres on a vehicle without having actual tyres or vehicle. This is a very advanced concept. We are developing lot of techniques to master and get the full benefit in this virtual proving ground. Various data for the vehicles and a tyre is fed into the software and you can put data of any test track and drive the car with different speeds. You can feel the real performance. With this virtual proving ground capacity, we can generate data for tyres and determine what kind of tyres are best suited for a particular car.”

The company also uses a steering robot to collect data to have accurate and objective information.

For two-wheeler tyres, JK Tyre is focusing on tubeless tyres. The company plans to expand its two-wheeler tyre production from the current capacity of 650000 tyres per month. “We are in the process of expanding the range for high-end bikes. We are also planning to penetrate deeper into the OE space,” said Misra. The company is already OE supplier of two-wheeler tyres for Hero and Bajaj.

The biggest challenge for a technical person in the tyre industry is to anticipate the customer requirement stated as well as unstated and develop the right tyre. “The main challenge is to keep improving the performance and keep the cost low,” added Misra.

The Indian customer is very aware and knowledgeable hence continuous upgradation of technology and products is the key to success.

Hankook Tire revealed the Design Innovation 2020 project, which defines a vision for the future driving and innovation in mobility.

Launched in 2012, the Design Innovation is Hankook’s R&D project held every two years, in collaboration with one of the world’s leading design universities.

Under the theme ‘Urban Reshaping’, professors and students from the Department of Industrial Design at the University of Cincinnati in the U.S. focused on the transformation of cities geared by reconfiguring mobility as part of living spaces rather than stand-alone purpose in the future with augmented automation infrastructure and cutting-edge technologies such as eco-friendly technology, autonomous driving and Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Throughout the project, modular platform of mobility concept named ‘Hankook Platform System (HPS)-Cell’ was proposed with tyre representing the root of mobility. It is applied with ‘Hankook Electric Mobility Technology (H.E.M.)’ which represents Hankook’s passion for future technological breakthroughs. Then a scenario was created which distinguishes mobility as a moving platform and its function as a pod (space), clearly elaborating that tire indeed sits at the center of the mobility.

The tyre of HPS-Cell embodied an airless tyres’ double-layered unit-cell structure to acquire complex rigidity. It is a concept tyre that uses sensor technology to not only identify tire treads and road conditions in real time, but also to respond to wear-out risks and change tread patterns according to the road condition utilizing variable wheels and optimized infrastructure.

The scenario was brought into reality in a concept film and a mock-up. The productions suggest that in 2040 urban population will be able to use this mobility platform combined with pods of various forms to each meet a specific purpose. The modular platform can also be combined with commercial pods such as urban farming to maximize the scalability and efficiency of movement within smart cities of future generation.

The unveiled productions will be exhibited at various global channels and will represent Hankook’s capabilities in design innovation globally.

Jimmy Kwon, Vice President of Hankook Tire Brand Lab said, “Hankook Tire is incorporating new ideas with our cutting-edge technology to explore design concepts for the next generation, as Hankook believes creativity is the first step towards bringing the imagination into the reality. We are more than excited to present this year’s works as they speak for the essence of the future mobility that Hankook envisions.”

TATNEFT has announced the development of a new line of ATV tyres called the KAMA Quadro ATM. The first model has been made in 25x8-12 standard size at its Nizhnekamskshina factory in Russia.

The ATV tyre, which is developed by Kama Scientific and Technical Center, has been specially designed for off-road driving, providing excellent cross-country ability in mud and snow. The tyre’s special rubber composition ensures high reliability and traction performance.

The first batch of tyres will go for pilot testing to TATNEFT subdivisions that operate off-road special vehicles.

The KAMA Quadro ATM range is currently being developed in nine tyre sizes covering 12 to 14 inches diameter, with nine more sizes coming up over the next year. The factory will begin production of 25x10 tyres for the rear axle in addition to the already manufactured  25x8 tyres intended for the front axle.

The KAMA Quadro ATM will meet the needs of the TATNEFT Group’s all-terrain vehicles used in oil fields and will also be used to equip Russian ATV manufacturers and the secondary market. (TT)

Kumho tyres have outperformed 52 rival manufacturers to ace the Auto Bild magazine’s summer tyre test with its ECSTA HS51 high-performance pattern tyre.

The annual test is among the most comprehensive of its type, the results of which are regarded as highly significant by both the European tyre trade and its consumers.

Conducted on both wet and dry surfaces, it left Kumho in a fighting third place overall. However, while the further qualifications caused the two leaders to slide down the order, 33 of the 53 entries were eliminated by the initial braking test. Kumho’s highly competitive and consistent scores in almost every discipline ultimately left it as the sole test winner.

 Awarding the ECSTA HS51 their coveted ‘Exemplary’ badge, the Auto Bild testers commended it for its precise steering response, secure wet grip, well-balanced handling, short braking distance, low wear rate and affordable price.

Unlike some tyre tests, where the products are supplied by the manufacturers, those for the Auto Bild ones are covertly purchased by the magazine from regular retail outlets. The chosen size was 205/55R16, the direct fitment for the bulk of Volkswagen Golfs and Audi A3s etc., and therefore arguably the one most common within the European car market.

UK purchasers currently have the choice of 35 sizes of ECSTA HS51 for wheels of 15 to 18 inches in diameter. The qualification round of the test was carried out at ATP (Automotive Testing Papenburg) in Germany and the other tests were performed at the IDIADA facility in Spain. 

Thus, our newly developed "Tire Leap AI Analysis" utilises advanced AI-based analysis technology to analyse (for example) electron microscope imagery of tyre rubber compounds in order to achieve high-precision analysis that far exceeds human capabilities, thereby making it possible to derive accurate estimates of rubber properties from structural data found in this imagery.

Specifically, it is a technology that estimates rubber properties precise from combining data on the individual raw materials contained in a rubber compound with data on its internal structure. In the future, we will continue to develop this technology and develop technology to estimate the future rubber properties from electron microscope imagery of unused rubber.

■ Technology to Precisely Estimate Rubber Properties Based on Structures & Materials

Tire Leap AI Analysis utilises an AI-based image analysis system to analyse the internal structures of rubber in images captured by an electron microscope in order to infer information about the properties of the rubber based on its structural data (i.e. the results of image analysis). By combining this structural data with data about the materials that make up rubber compounds, this technology is then able to derive information about the physical properties of rubber with a high degree of precision.

■ Technology to Detect Changes in the Internal Structures of Rubber After Use & Estimate Resulting Changes in Rubber Properties

By comparing images of a tyre that has never been used (i.e. that is brand new) with images of a tyre that has been used (i.e. after wear over time), this AI-based image analysis system can determine where changes have occurred in the internal structures of the tyre’s rubber and then estimate the physical properties of the rubber in the areas that have undergone these changes. The practical application of this technology will facilitate the design of new rubber compounds that are less prone to performance degradation due to wear and tear, thus contributing to the development and advancement of Performance Sustaining Technology.

Dr. Miki Haseyama, Hokkaido University: We have developed a new AI technology that is able to estimate the extent of changes in the structures based on analysis of images of the internal structures of rubber. As compiling data for this kind of machine learning would otherwise be extremely time-consuming, one of the main merits of this new technology is the fact that this AI does not require prior field data from structural changes in rubber for machine learning. Rather, this AI uses deep learning to learn about the properties of new rubber (i.e. prior to undergoing structural changes) and then estimates the extent of changes in the structure by analysing how data from old rubber (i.e. after undergoing structural changes) compares to the data that it has previously learned about new data. This approach to machine learning allows the AI to automatically detect various types of changes in the structures of rubber.

Kiyoshige Muraoka, Senior Executive Officer, Sumitomo Rubber Industries: We have been working jointly with Hokkaido University to further advance the development of AI technology that can understand how the internal structures of tyre rubber change through use. We have already put this new technology to use in the development of our latest “ENASAVE NEXT III” fuel-efficient tyres, which not only achieve the highest possible “AAA-a” rating for fuel efficiency and wet grip performance (under Japan’s tyre labelling system), but also reduce changes in tyre performance that occur over time as a result of use by half. Moving forward, we will continue to advance our Tire Leap AI Analysis technology to find and analyse slight variations in the internal structures of rubber that human senses and knowhow have been unable to detect so that we can then use the resulting knowledge to develop new technologies that further enhance tyre performance and ensure that this high performance lasts longer. In this way, we will accelerate research and development toward producing high-performance tyres that provide greater safety and peace of mind with the aim of contributing to the realisation of a sustainable mobility society for future generations.

References:

Ren Togo, Naoki Saito, Takahiro Ogawa, Miki Haseyama, “Estimating regions of deterioration in electron microscope images of rubber materials via a transfer learning-based anomaly detection model,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 162395-162404, 2019.